Red, Blue, and Brady

The modern legal debate around the Second Amendment often presupposes a straight line from the flintlock musket to the AR-15...a presupposition that discounts that, since the mid-1800s, firearm lethality has dramatically increased. As a result, "a gun is a gun is a gun" no longer holds true. To discuss how that lethality increased, how "historically" based legal decisions around firearms have been fundamentally flawed, and how we need an improved vocabulary for discussing guns in the US, Kelly and JJ were joined by Dr. Jennifer Tucker (Associate Professor of History and Director, Center for the Study of Guns and Society at Wesleyan University). Further reading: Now that guns can kill hundreds in minutes, Supreme Court should rethink the rights question (CNN) Theoretical Lethality Index (TLI) In the Gun Law Fights of 2023, a Need for Experts on the Weapons of 1791 (the New York Times) Common Use, Lineage, and Lethality (UC Davis Law Review) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Today, 38 states have some variation of a Stand Your Ground law, which typically permits an individual to protect themselves with reasonable force — including deadly force — to prevent death or great bodily harm. Increasingly, however, many states' Stand Your Ground laws allow an individual to use deadly force without a duty to retreat. While proponents of these policies claim they're vital to the public's protection, states lacking a duty to retreat have seen a rise in homicides of 10% or more — leading critics to claim that unfettered Stand Your Ground laws should really be called "shoot first" laws. To discuss how these laws developed, how they have been used to embolden individuals to use unnecessary and disproportionate force (especially against marginalized communities), and the many impacts of an over-armed society, hosts Kelly and JJ are joined by Kami N. Chavis, R. Hugh and Nolie Haynes Professor of Law and Director of the William and Mary Center for Criminal Justice Policy and Reform. Professor Chavis shares not just the implications and effects of these laws, but also what everyone can be doing to best protect themselves and their neighbors. Further reading: What are “Stand Your Ground Laws?” (Brady) What Are 'Stand Your Ground' Laws, and When Do They Apply? (The New York Times) Can a doorbell ring justify a ‘stand your ground’ shooting? (AP) In two recent cases, homeowners have been charged with shooting people on their property. Here’s what the law says (CNN) ‘Stand your ground’: the US laws linked to rising deaths and racist violence (the Guardian) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Are you worried about the presence of firearms in college classrooms, dorms, libraries, and sporting events? You're not alone. For over fifteen years, the Campaign to Keep Guns Off Campus has been working to push back against a concerning trend: the allowance and, in many cases, encouragement, of firearms on college campuses. The Campaign is dedicated to educating, organizing, and promoting legislation to fight against the gun lobby's push to prohibit colleges and universities from regulating guns on campus. In this episode, Kelly and JJ speak with Andy Pelosi, the co-founder and executive director of the Campaign to Keep Guns off Campus, about how the trend of guns on campus has developed, what people can do to push back, and why it's essential to keep guns off campus even for those who aren't connected to higher education. Further reading: States Where Campus Carry Bills are Moving (Keep Guns Off Campus) What to Know About Gun Policies on College Campuses (US News) Lawmakers push to allow guns on US university campuses (Times Higher Education) Should Guns Be Permitted on College Campuses? (New York Times) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

In 1994 the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) was passed, in which Congress restricted certain people subject to final protection orders (issued after a hearing at which the respondent has an opportunity to appear) from possessing, receiving, shipping, or transporting firearms. That law held firm until February of 2023, when the Fifth Circuit ruled in USA v. Rahimi that the federal law prohibiting possession of firearms by people subject to domestic violence protection orders was unconstitutional under the Second Amendment. In our previous episode we discussed the the long legal history that led to this decision (from Heller, to Bruen, to Rahimi), but today hosts Kelly and JJ sat down with Ruth Glenn (CEO and President of the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, author of the book Everything I Never Dreamed: My Life Surviving and Standing Up to Domestic Violence) and Rachel Graber (Director of Public Policy of the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence) to talk about the practical implications (and effects) of this Rahimi decision. Together, we tackle what this ruling means for survivors of intimate partner violence, for folks currently being harmed, and what it signals for us all, as we move forward into 2023? Moreover, vitally, we cover what can you be doing to fight back against decisions that cause harm. Sign up to attend the NCADV Webinar, "United States v. Rahimi: Implications for Advocates in Supporting Survivors Experiencing Gun Violence," by clicking here. Further reading: Domestic Violence and Firearms (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence) NCADV Appalled by 5th Circuit Ruling and Demands Better for Survivors (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence) The Fifth Circuit Court Decides to Protect Abusers' Guns (John Hopkins) Fifth Circuit Strikes Down Domestic-Violence Prohibitor in United States v. Rahimi (the Duke Center for Firearms Law) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

The Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals (which covers Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi) ruled on February 2, 2023 that the federal prohibition on gun possession for people subject to domestic violence restraining orders (DVROs) is unconstitutional under the Second Amendment. This decision is especially egregious as very month, an average of 57 women are killed with a firearm by an intimate partner, countless more are shot, and hundreds are menaced with a gun. Furthermore, in America, firearms are the weapons of choice for domestic violence homicides, with female intimate partners more likely to be murdered with a gun than by all other means combined. But how did this decision come about? What impact does this Fifth Circuit decision have on federal law? To find out, host JJ sat down with Shira Feldman, litigation counsel at Brady, who carried us through the long legal history that brought us to today (and shared possibilities of where we may be going). Further reading: Gun Laws, Loopholes, and Violence (Brady) Beyond Bullet Wounds: Guns in the Hands of Domestic Abusers (Brady) Guns and Violence Against Women (Center for American Progress) NCADV Appalled by 5th Circuit Ruling and Demands Better for Survivors (National Coalition Against Domestic Violence) DOJ asks SCOTUS to review ruling that overturned firearm ban for those with domestic violence restraining orders (the Hill) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Have you come across news headlines about incidents of road rage where a driver brandished a gun? It's a distressing thought, but how frequently do these incidents take place and should you be concerned? In this episode, we're joined by Dr. Megan O'Toole, Deputy Director of Research at Everytown, who breaks down the facts and sheds light on this issue. Additionally, Dr. O'Toole shares her latest research on the growing trend of gun thefts from cars, an escalating pattern that too often fuels gun violence in the US — and what you can be doing, whether you're a gun owner or not, to help stop the spread of gun violence. Further reading: Gun Thefts from Cars: The Largest Source of Stolen Guns (Everytown) Reports of Road Rage Shootings are on the Rise (Everytown) Gun Thefts Are Rising and Leading to More Crime (the Wall Street Journal) Guns Are Stolen in America Up to Once Every Minute (the Trace) More Guns In Cars Mean More Guns Stolen From Cars (NPR) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

In the five years since the shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School in Parkland, Florida, many activists have stood up to fight back against gun violence, and gun lobby disinformation. One of those tireless advocates is Fred Guttenberg, whose two children were there that day. While his son, Jesse, survived, Fred's beautiful 14-year-old daughter Jamie was killed. Since then, Fred has dedicated countless hours to understanding gun violence in America and advocating for prevention. In this episode, we're joined by fellow gun violence survivors Christian Heyne and Liz Dunning of Brady, as we discuss Fred’s latest book, "American Carnage: Shattering the Myths That Fuel Gun Violence." Together, we explore what it takes to break through the barrier of misinformation, debunk myths, and find a path to meaningful action in the fight to end gun violence. Further reading: Fred Guttenberg: There are common sense things we can do to reduce gun violence (Morning Joe) Support Fred Guttenberg This Father's Day (Brady) At 26, a daughter lost her mother to a serial killer. In her memory, she ran 26 miles. (the Washington Post) Guns make hate lethal (Los Angeles Times) 5 Years Later: Honoring Parkland Victims & Survivors With Action (Brady) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Recent studies have shown that firearm suicidality rates are rising among Black youth. But why? And is this trend truly new? And, what can we all be doing to prevent this loss of life? Dr. Alfiee Breland Noble, founder of the AAKOMA Project which specializes in servicing the mental health needs of youth of color, and Aalayah Eastmond, Team ENOUGH founding member, and survivor of the Marjory Stoneman Douglas shooting, join us to talk about the importance of prioritizing mental health in communities of color and how stigma and a lack of culturally competent resources can often make seeking help more difficult. We also break down the ways in which we all — no matter who we are — can better listen, and help, the young people in our lives. Further reading: How Often Are Guns Involved in Accidental Deaths? (the Trace) State of Mental Health for Youth of Color 2022 (the AAKOMA Project) Why Are More Black Children Dying by Suicide? (the New York Times) Firearm Deaths Grow, Disparities Widen (the CDC) Black Youth Suicide Rates Rising, Defying Historic Trends (New York University) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

In the United States, over 90% of mass shootings are committed by men and boys. They're also predominantly the victims of gun violence. But why are men so tied to the vast majority of America's gun violence? Psychologist and author Dr. Ronald F. Levant, who specializes in the psychology of masculinity and gender (and who has a great new book out, The Tough Standard: The Hard Truths About Masculinity and Violence), sat down with Kelly and JJ to talk about whether or not masculinity and gun violence are intrinsically connected, how advertisers and manufacturers have leaned into societal pressures about masculinity to sell firearms, and how we all (whether we identify as male or not) can combat violence. Further reading: Ending gun violence isn't an "either/or" question: It must be a "both/and" (Salon) Masculinity, mental illness and guns: A lethal equation? (CNN) Guns, Terror, and Hegemonic Masculinity (Harvard) Media Coverage Misses the Gender Issues at the Heart of Mass Shootings (Ms. Magazine) Bushmaster Rifle Ad Reminds Us To Ask More About Masculinity And Gun Violence (Huffpost) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

The gun lobby has been working for decades to drown out reputable research on guns and gun violence by funding disinformation. Devin L. Hughes, the co-founder and president of GVPedia, a non-profit organization that provides access to the largest publicly available gun study database and actively fights against misinformation about gun violence, knows this better than anyone. This week, Devin joins JJ and Kelly to discuss the “firehose of falsehood” — how groups like the NRA have effectively used disinformation to flood the research landscape with inaccuracies to change the narrative and ultimately achieve success in the courts and legislatures — and the outsized impact that flood of disinformation continues to have. Devin also shares strategies for promoting truth in effort to prevent gun violence, as well as how to separate reality from disinformation. Further reading: Facts About Firearms Policy Initiative(GVPedia) MYTH: 98% of Mass Shootings Occur in Gun-Free Zones (GVPedia) MYTH: Gun bans always increase the murder rate (GVPedia) How Often Are Guns Used For Self-Defense? (the Trace) Defensive Gun Use: Gary Kleck Misfires Again (Armed with Reason) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

We've said it before and we'll say it again: gun violence is a public health crisis. It's an ongoing emergency that impacts more than just our physical safety, it also impacts our mental and emotional health. Even if you haven't experienced gun violence firsthand, folks across America are struggling to deal with the trauma of being constantly under fire. So what to do with those feelings? Well, there are lot of ways to cope with your trauma — and one of them is to reach out and speak with someone who understands. Today, hosts Kelly and JJ sat down with Courtney Hunter, Vice President Public Policy and Advocacy at Crisis Text Line. Courtney breaks down why meeting folks where they are, culturally aware communication, and trauma informed care is so important. Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a volunteer Crisis Counselor, 24/7, in English or Spanish. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: How To Cope With Gun Violence (Crisis Text Line) On Trauma, Racism, and How We Show Up for Each Other (Crisis Text Line) Mental Health, Gun Violence, And Why America Connects Them (NPR) What Gun Violence Does to Our Mental Health (NY Times) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Donny Kashh is a lot of things — a creative director, a motivational speaker, a mental health advocate, an amputee — and a survivor of gun violence. On October 19, 2019, Donny survived being shot six times by an unknown man. The attack left Donny in a coma, and led to the removal of his left leg. In the aftermath (and while attempting to heal during a global pandemic), Donny struggled with his mental health and in finding his way forward. He joined hosts Kelly and JJ to discuss how he now devotes himself to helping other amputees and survivors of gun violence, who may also be feeling lost after such a dramatic life change. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: Amputee Donny Kashh marks three years since being shot (Toronto Sun) Bravery After Six Bullets (Toronto Sun) Shooting survivors describe life after gun violence (CBS) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

"More guns equal less crime" is perhaps one of the most pervasive myths in the United States; the reality is, firearms simply don't make us safer. This false data has since been used as justification in any number of laws, and is frequency referenced in gun lobby rhetoric. It's also been used as the basis for other false (yet popular) claims, like the myth that shooters choose "gun free zones" to commit their crimes. Hosts Kelly and JJ were joined by Dr. John Donohue (C. Wendell and Edith M. Carlsmith Professor of Law, Standford Law) and Erin Davis (Senior Counsel, Trial & Appellate Litigation at Brady) to: break down where these myths, pervasive as they are, came from; what gave them their power, and their stickiness; and how can you, as listeners, fight back against disinformation? Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: Will a Gun Keep Your Family Safe? (the Trace) Easiness of Legal Access to Concealed Firearm Permits and Homicide Rates in the United States (AJPH) MYTH: Mass Shooters Target Gun-free Zones (GVPedia) Why John Lott Is the Right's Favorite Gun Researcher (the Trace) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Dr. Doreen Marshall of AFSP — the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention — is back in studio with hosts Kelly and JJ, this time answering your listener questions. Doreen brilliantly broke down how best to handle complicated situations like the following: How can I bring up a conversation about possibly removing their guns?"and If you're a survivor of suicide loss, have a survivor in your life, are struggling, or are concerned about suicide prevention (and truly, who among us doesn't fit into at least one of these categories?), this is an essential episode for you. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: AFSP chapters and their work (AFSP) I've lost someone (AFSP) What Survivors of Suicide Want You to Know (Maryland SPIN) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Firearm suicides account for more than half of all suicide deaths in the United States. We've talked at length on RBB about those losses, and how we can help prevent them, from storing firearms locked and unloaded to reaching out for help. But folks who have lost loved ones to suicide may also be reeling with being a survivor of suicide loss. To talk about how to talk about suicide, how to best support one another, and how survivors of suicide loss have built committees of healing, hosts Kelly and JJ were joined by Dr. Doreen Marshall of AFSP — the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. International Survivors of Suicide Loss Day, also known as Survivor Day, takes place each year on the Saturday before American Thanksgiving, with virtual and in-person events in communities everywhere. Learn more and find an event near you. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: AFSP chapters and their work (AFSP) I've lost someone (AFSP) What Survivors of Suicide Want You to Know (Maryland SPIN) Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Akilah DaSilva was only 23 when he was shot and killed during the April 22, 2018 Waffle House shooting in Nashville, Tennessee. Akilah was at the Waffle House with his girlfriend Tia Waggoner and brother, Abede DaSilva. In the aftermath of the shooting, Akilah's family learned that the AR-15 used to kill him and three others had been unlawfully given to the shooter. Akilah's family has since fought for gun violence prevention, as well as for his legacy as a brilliant musician, engineer, and friend, with their organization the Akilah DaSilva Foundation. Hosts Kelly and JJ were joined by Akilah's brother Abede and his mother Shaundelle Brooks, both now survivors and advocates, to discuss the reality of life "after" a mass shooting, gun violence in Tennessee, and how to do what Akilah had once written — to "forget about making a hashtag, Let's throw all the guns in a trash bag." You can listen to Akilah's music, under the name NatrixDream, here. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: 23-Year-Old Waffle House Shooting Victim Akilah Dasilva Will Live On Through His Music (Blavity) Waffle House Shooting Suspect Once Had His Guns Taken Away. He Then Got Them Back (New York Times) Pleas for common sense gun reform raised after Waffle House Shooting (NC Reporter) For more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Bl Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Gun violence in schools is a hard topic for parents and guardians to handle — but not talking about the reality of gun violence in the US isn't a solution. You, the listeners, have been writing in with your concerns, which included things like the following: and Nancy Kislin, LCSW, an expert on school lockdowns and children's anxiety related to gun violence, joined hosts Kelly and JJ to answer those questions. Listen in to learn concrete ways to handle these tough conversations. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: School Shootings Are Raising Anxiety and Panic in U.S. Children (Time) Many children are regularly exposed to gun violence (NPR) The Impact of Gun Violence on Children and Adolescents (KFF) How Can I Help My Anxious Child Feel Safe After Mass Tragedies in the News? (Parents) For more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

Does experiencing racism or discrimination make you more likely to buy a gun? Does being worried about being a target of hate make you more likely to carry a firearm with you? Evidence seems to suggest yes, as increased rates of hate crimes against members of the AAPI community in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic led to an unprecedented rise in Asian American gun ownership. To examine how firearm behaviors (how guns were stored, carried, and thought about) were impacted by racism and discrimination experiences, Dr. Hsing-Fang Hsieh (University of Michigan) and Dr. Tsu-Yin Wu (Eastern Michigan University) launched a new, landmark study, which they joined the podcast to share with hosts Kelly and JJ. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: Asian Americans are buying guns in record numbers. What's Caused This Surge? (the Guardian) 'I've Never Seen This Level of Fear.' Why Asian Americans Are Joining the Rush to Buy Guns (Time) Gun Industry Targets Asian Americans as First-Time Gun Owners and Future Pro-Gun Advocates (Violence Policy Center) For more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

The gun lobby is fond of a particular view of American history, one where firearms reigned supreme (and unregulated). However, that view of America's past is deeply distorted, as Dr. Robert Spitzer details in his new book The Gun Dilemma: How History is Against Expanded Gun Rights. Dr. Spitzer joined host JJ to detail the ways in which courts — especially the Supreme Court — have been using a mix of originalist theory and misunderstood history to rule on gun issues including but not limited to assault weapons, open carry, permit less carry, and the so-called Second Amendment sanctuary movement. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Further reading: What Are So-Called “Second Amendment Sanctuaries?" (Brady) US tragedies from guns have often – but not always – spurred political responses (the Conversation) SUNY Cortland professor on why gun violence is on the rise (Spectrum News) The Renegade Sheriffs (the New York Times) For more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady

On the surface, the name Merchant Category Code (MCC) seems pretty dry. But a new MCC may be a powerful tool in preventing mass shootings, as well as other forms of gun violence. An MCC is an identifier used by banks to identify purchases made from candy stores to snowmobile retailers, and is used to spot transaction patterns and possible fraud. But as of this month, there is a new code that can be used to report suspicious purchasing patterns of firearms and ammunition to law enforcement. This reporting is key in preventing mass shootings, as in 8 out of the 13 mass shootings that killed 10 or more people between 2007 and 2018, killers financed their attacks with credit card purchases —many made only weeks before the shootings. To discuss the ins and outs of this code, and what you can be doing to make sure it's implemented, hosts Kelly and JJ are joined by three folks involved in the fight to make the new MCC happen: Igor Volsky, Founder and Executive Director of Guns Down America; Josh Scharff, Brady Senior Counsel and Director of Programs; and Heather Sallan, co-president of the Brady Northern Nevada chapter and a survivor of the Route 91 mass shooting in Las Vegas. Want to get involved? Urge your senators to expand and strengthen background checks. Join a Brady chapter near you and sign up to attend our new volunteer session. Mentioned in this podcast: How a new credit card code could help stop mass shootings (ABC News) Brady Calls For Wide Use of New MCC (Brady) How Banks Unwittingly Finance Mass Shootings (New York Times) Credit Card Issuers Join the Fight to Limit Mass Shootings (New York Times) For more information on Brady, Support the showFor more information on Brady, follow us on social media @Bradybuzz or visit our website at bradyunited.org. Full transcripts and bibliographies of this episode are available at bradyunited.org/podcast. National Suicide Prevention Lifeline: 1-800-273-8255. In a crisis? Text HOME to 741741 to connect with a Crisis Counselor 24/7. Music provided by: David “Drumcrazie” Curby Special thanks to Hogan Lovells for their long-standing legal support ℗&©2019 Red, Blue, and Brady