Brain Science with Ginger Campbell, MD: Neuroscience for Everyone

This is the 17th Annual Review episode of Brain Science, celebrating the first episode which aired on December 15, 2006. We review the highlights of 2023, which included both new guests and the return of several favorites. Episodes Released in 2023: BS 204 (Encore)BS 205BS 206: Paco CalvoPlanta Sapiens: The New Science of Intelligence.BS 207 (Encore): Luiz PessoaThe Cognitive-Emotional Brain: From Interactions to IntegrationBS 208 Sander Van der LindenFoolproof: Why Misinformation Infects Our Minds and How to Build ImmunityBS 209 Luiz PessoaThe Entangled Brain: How Perception, Cognition, and Emotion Are Woven TogetherBS 210 Basics of Neurotransmitters:BS 211 Seth GrantBS 212 (Encore) Thomas MetzingerThe Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the SelfBS 213 Kevin J MitchellFree Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free Willhttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: This is the last scheduled episode of Brain Science, but all episodes will continue to be available.Free content includes all review episodes, encore episodes and all episodes since December 2016.The entire back catalogue of Brain Science is available to Premium MyLibysn subscribers. This includes episode transcripts.Patreon supporters will continue to have access more recent transcripts and other content.Brain Science Podcast free Brain ScienceNewsletter Connect on Social Media: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

In the this episode of Brain Science we talk with neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell about his new book Free Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free Will. While many neuroscientists and philosophers argue that free will is an illusion, Mitchell argues that the ability to make meaningful choices is part of our evolutionary heritage. He also addresses the important issue of determinism, siding with those physicists who argue that the fundamental nature of our universe is NOT deterministic. These issues are crucial to how we see ourselves and others. Links and References: Free Agents: How Evolution Gave Us Free WillHelgoland: Making Sense of the Quantum RevolutionInnate: How the Wiring of Our Brains Shapes Who We AreBS 159Kevin Mitchell, PhDMitchell's bloghttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Brain ScienceBrain Science podcast channel onYouTube.Brain Science PodcastBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttps://brainsciencepodcast.com/premium Connect on Social Media: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science features Thomas Metzinger, author of "The Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self." Metzinger is a philosopher with a longstanding interest in Philosophy of Mind with a focus on incorporating the findings of neuroscience. We discuss the implications of the discovery that consciousness is a biological process generated by the interaction of the brain, body, and external world. Metzinger also emphasized the importance of considering altered states including dreaming, out of body experiences, and even virtual reality. Links and References: The Ego Tunnel: The Science of the Mind and the Myth of the Self, Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity,NatureTrends in Cognitive NeuroscienceMind and MatterBeyond the Body: An Investigation of Out of Body Experienceshttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Brain Science podcast channel onYouTube.Brain Science PodcastTōtara HospiceBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttps://brainsciencepodcast.com/premium Connect on Social Media: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This episode of Brain Science features the return of molecular biologist Seth Grant. We briefly review his decades of research into the complexity of the protein structure of the synapse and then we focus on his most recent paper, which describes how the life-span of synapse proteins appears to change as animals age. Grant reflects of the significance of this finding both for animal research and human medicine. Papers discussed in this episode: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2022.09.009https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba3163 Seth Grant has previously appeared on Brain Science several times including BSP 51, BSP 101, BS 137, BSP 150 and BS 176. Announcements: Brain Science podcast channel onYouTube.Brain Science PodcastBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttps://brainsciencepodcast.com/premium Connect on Social Media: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This episode is our first review of neurotransmitters since episode 8 way back in 2007. We start with some basics of neuron function and brain anatomy, but the meat of the episode is a discussion of neurotransmitters and how they work. The key idea is that a simple molecule, such as dopamine, can have a wide variety of effects because of the existence of multiple receptors. This episode is appropriate for listeners of all backgrounds, but might be a little challenging for new listeners. It will be a review episode for longtime listeners and those with backgrounds in neuroscience. Links and References: Essentials of Modern Neuroscience by Franklin Amthor, W. Anne Burton Theibert, David Standaert, and Erik Roberson; 1st ed. 2020 Molecular & Cell Biology For Dummies, 2nd Edition by Rene Fester Kratz BS 118: Beyond the Zonules of Zinn: A Fantastic Journey Through Your Brain (2008) by David Bainbridge BS 169: Glial Cells with Doug Fields BS 186: The Spike with Mark Humphries BS 197: Neuroscience For Dummies 3rd Edition by Frank Amthor The War of the Soups and the Sparks: The Discovery of Neurotransmitters and the Dispute Over How Nerves Communicate by Elliot Valenstein Please visit http://brainsciencepodcast.com for additional references and episode transcripts.In Announcements: Brain Science podcast channel onYouTube.Brain Science PodcastBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttps://brainsciencepodcast.com/premium Connect on Social Media: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science is an interview with Luiz Pessoa, author of The Entangled Brain: How Perception, Cognition, and Emotion Are Woven Together. This is Pessoa's first book aimed at a general audience and it provides a concise overview of our current understanding of basic brain function. However, he also explains the limitations of the traditional modular view of the brain. A key take home point is that emotion and cognition are deeply intertwined at every level. Links and References: The Entangled Brain: How Perception, Cognition, and Emotion Are Woven TogetherThe Cognitive-Emotional Brain: From Interactions to IntegrationLuiz Pessoa: BS 207 (encore)Luiz Pessoa, PhD:@PessoaBrain@PessoaBrainhttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Brain Science PodcastBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: Mastadon: https://neuromatch.social/@docartemis@docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is an interview with Cambridge Psychology professor Sander van der Linden, author of "Foolproof: Why Misinformation Infects Our Minds and How to Build Immunity." We discuss the important topic of how techniques like appealing to emotion contribute to the spread of misinformation. Dr. Campbell reflects on why this topic is important. Links and References: Foolproof: Why Misinformation Infects Our Minds and How to Build ImmunitySander van der Linden,https://inoculation.science/http://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Brain Science PodcastBrain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is an encore presentation of an interview with neuroscientist Luiz Pessoa discussing his fascinating book "The Cognitive-Emotional Brain: From Interactions to Integration." We explored the surprising role of the amygdala in decision making and learned that cognition and emotion are deeply intertwined at every level. Links and References: The Cognitive-Emotional Brain: From Interactions to IntegrationLuiz Pessoahttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Brain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month we have an intriguing interview with Dr. Paco Calvo from the Minimal Intelligence Laboratory at the University of Mercia in Spain. We talk with him about his new book Planta Sapiens: The New Science of Intelligence. We discuss the scientific evidence for plant intelligence while acknowledging that intelligence and consciousness are not the same. It is interesting to think of plants as demonstrating embodied cognition in contrast to the "intelligence" demonstrated by computer software. We also consider the pioneering work of Charles Darwin, who actually studied plant behavior before the invention of time lapse photography. Links and References: Planta Sapiens: The New Science of Plant IntelligencePaco CalvoGagliano, M., Vyazovskiy, V. V., Borbély, A. A., Grimonprez, M., & Depczynski, M. (2016). Learning by Association in Plants. Scientific reports, 6, 38427. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep38427 http://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Brain ScienceBrain Science Podcast appnew versionBrain Sciencevia PatreonAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty Brain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

In this follow-up interview with molecular biologist Dr. Guy Caldwell we learn more about how the tools of molecular biology are used to unravel questions in neurobiology and provide hope for better treatments for problems like Parkinson's Disease. Links and References: Guy Caldwell, PhDLinkedIn BS 204The Worm ShackMew, M., Caldwell, K. A., & Caldwell, G. A. (2022). From bugs to bedside: functional annotation of human genetic variation for neurological disorders using invertebrate models. Human molecular genetics, 31(R1), R37–R46. https://doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddac203 http://brainsciencepodcast.com Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Brain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is an encore presentation of an interview with Dr. Guy Caldwell from the University of Alabama. Dr. Caldwell explains how tools from molecular biology make it possible to use the famous C. Elegans roundworm to improve our understanding of neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's disease. Dr. Caldwell will return to Brain Science next month to give us an update on his work. Links and References: WormshackMolecular neurodegeneration, 14(1), 29. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13024-019-0329-1 C. elegans Alpha-Synuclein Models of Parkinson's Disease. Brain sciences, 9(4), 73. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci9040073 BSP 59click here for the free episode transcript Listener Support is greatly appreciated: brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Brain Scienceplease share it with othersfree Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode (BS 203) celebrates the 16th Anniversary of Brain Science with the annual review episode. This is a listener favorite providing highlights and key ideas from the episodes of Brain Science that were posted in 2022. Topics included hearing, grief, emotion, embodied cognition, consciousness and more. Note: This month's episode transcript is FREE. Please Visit Our Sponsors: MasterClass at masterclass.com/ginger TextExpander at textexpander.com/brain-science 2022 Episodes of Brain Science: BS 192 Nina Kraus, author of Of Sound Mind: How Our Brain Constructs a Meaningful Sonic World BS 193 The Embodied Mind: exploring the implications of embodied cognition BS 194 Mary-Frances O’Connor, author of The Grieving Brain: The Surprising Science of How We Learn from Love and Loss BS 195 David J Anderson, author of The Nature of the Beast: How Emotions Guide Us BS 196 Hakwan Lau, author of In Consciousness we Trust: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Subjective Experience BS 197 Frank Amthor, author of Neuroscience for Dummies and Neurobiology for Dummies BS 198 Evan Thompson, author of Mind in Life: Biology. Phenomenology, and the Sciences of Mind BS 199 Batja Mesquita, author of Between Us: How Cultures Create Emotions BS 200 Jennifer Fugate and Sheila Macrine, editors of Movement Matters: How Embodied Cognition Informs Teaching and Learning BS 201 Bill Harris, author of Zero to Birth: How the Human Brain Is Built BS 202 Evan Thompson, on meditation and embodied cognition Please visit http://brainsciencepodcast.com for more episodes. Connect on Social Media Twitter: @docartemis Facebook page: http://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell: Email: brainsciencepodcast@gmail.com

The idea that meditation is a "mind science" is popular, but in this interview Canadian philosopher Evan Thompson argues that this claim does not stand up to either scientific or philosophical scrutiny. As one of the pioneers of the Embodied Cognition movement Thompson reminds us that the Mind is not restricted to the Brain and we must also consider how other recent discoveries in neuroscience fail to support the claim that meditation provides neutral scientific insight into how the Mind really works. Links and References: websiteWhy I am not a BuddhistCosmopolitanism: Ethics in a World of StrangersThe Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human ExperienceMind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of MindBS 198Waking, Dreaming, Being: Self and Consciousness in Neuroscience, Meditation, and PhilosophyBS 115http://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextExpander at textexpander.com/podcastBetterHelp at betterhelp.com/GINGERMasterClass at MasterClass.com/ginger Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. free Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science is an interview with WA (Bill) Harris, author of Zero to Birth: How the Human Brain Is Built. We explore how the human brain develops from the fertilized egg up until birth. There are some surprises along the way, including the fact that we actually have more neurons before we are born than we will ever have again! Links and References: Zero to Birth: How the Human Brain Is Builthttp://brainsciencepodcast.comClick here for free transcript excerpt. Please Visit Our Sponsors: MasterClass at masterclass.com/gingerText Expander at textexpander.com/podcastBettterHelp at betterhelp.com/ginger Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. free Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is a discussion with the editors of a fascinating new book Movement Matters: How Embodied Cognition Informs Teaching and Learning. We explore how embodied cognition challenges long standing dualist approaches to both cognition and learning. Sheila Macrine and Jennifer Fugate also share some of the innovative approaches that improve both how we teach and how we learn. Links and References: Movement Matters: How Embodied Cognition Informs Teaching and LearningEmbodied CognitioBS 193BS 198http://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextEpander at textexpander.com/podcastBetterHelp at betterhelp.com/ginger Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. free Brain ScienceNewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is an interview with Batja Mesquita, author of "Between Us: How Cultures Create Emotions." This is an important book because it describes the evidence that Emotions are not just something people experience "from the inside out," but they also occur between people, which means that culture plays a critical role. We also explore why it is important to appreciate why people from from different cultures may experience emotions in surprisingly different ways. Links and References: Between Us: How Cultures Create Emotions@batjamesquitaHow Emotions Are Made: The New Science of the Mind and BrainBS 135http://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextExpandertextexpander.com/podcastBetterHelpbetterhelp.com/ginger Announcements: Please take a few minutes to complete this audience survey. Get free gift "5 Things You Need to Know about YOUR Brain when you sign up for the free Brain ScienceNewsletter to get show notes automatically every month. You can also text brainscience to 55444 to sign up. Check out the Brain Science podcast channel on YouTube Support Brain Science by buying Are You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty by Virginia "Ginger" Campbell, MD. (Autographed copies are available) Check out the free Brain Science Mobile app for iOS, Android, and Windows. (It's a great way to get both new episodes and premium content.) Learn more ways to support Brain Science at http://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science is a free encore playing of my interview with Evan Thompson about his book Mind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of Mind. We discuss how the enactive approach to embodied cognition offers potential clues to the mystery of how the brain can generate Consciousness. A free episode transcript is also available. This is the 2nd of two free encore episodes that are being shared to give listeners a taste of the diverse content available to Premium subscribers. Premium subscribers have access to over 100 additional episodes of Brain Science along with episode transcripts. The embodied cognition movement is an approach within cognitive neuroscience that includes philosophers, neuroscientists, psychologists and computer scientists. The key idea is that cognition, which includes thinking and decision-making, is inseparable from embodiment. This is not just because it requires sensory inputs to the brain, but also because moving in the world is a key component. Thus embodied cognition does not see this as a passive input/output process, but as something that requires constant interaction with the world via the body. Links and References: Mind in Life: Biology, Phenomenology, and the Sciences of MindThe Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science and Human ExperienceWaking, Dreaming, Being: Self and Consciousness in Neuroscience, Meditation, and PhilosophyEvan Thompson, PhD,http://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextExpander at textexpander.com/podcastWren at wren.co/brainscience Announcements: Submit audio feedback to be part of BS 200!brainsciencepodcast.comfree Brain Science NewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science features an encore playing of my interview with Dr. Frank Amthor, author of Neuroscience for Dummies and Neurobiology for Dummies. It is a great episode for newbies and will be a good review for longtime listeners. This is a FREE sample of my Premium content and the episode transcript is also FREE. Links and References: Essentials of Modern NeuroscienceNeurobiology For DummiesNeuroscience For Dummies, 2nd Ed.http://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextExpander at textexpander.com/podcast Announcements: BS 200brainsciencepodcast@gmail.comfree Brain Science NewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode of Brain Science is an interview with Hakwan Lau, author of In Consciousness we Trust: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Subjective Experience. Lau talks about shortcomings in current theories about how the brain generates consciousness, but he also introduces something he calls perceptual reality monitoring. Although this is a somewhat technical discussion it is accessible to listeners who are new to the neuroscience of consciousness. Links and References: In Consciousness we Trust: The Cognitive Neuroscience of Subjective ExperienceHakwan Lau's Lab at UCLAhttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: TextExpander at textexpancer.com/podcast Announcements: Check episode extras for free transcript excerpt!Episode 200brainsciencepodcast@gmail.combrainsciencepodcast.comfree Brain Science NewsletterBrain ScienceYouTubeBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell:

This month's episode is an interview with David J Anderson from Cal Tech. We talk about his new book The Nature of the Beast: How Emotions Guide US. We talk about how emotion CAN be studied in animals by using methods that focus on brain states rather than verbal descriptions. Dr. Anderson also explains why this experimental work is essential to developing more effective treatment of mental illnesses. This episode is a follow up to my discussion of The Neuroscience of Emotion: A New Synthesis by Ralph Adolphs and David J. Anderson in BS 151 (2018) Links and References: The Nature of the Beast: How Emotions Guide USDavid Anderson,PhD. , California Institute of Technologyhttp://brainsciencepodcast.com Please Visit Our Sponsors: The Minor Consulttheminorconsult.comTextExpandertextexpander.com/brain-science Announcements: nduction into the Podcast Hall of Fame on Youtubebrainsciencepodcast.comfree Brain Science NewsletterBrain ScienceAre You Sure? The Unconscious Origins of Certainty free Brain Science Mobile appBrain Sciencehttp://brainsciencepodcast.com/donations Connect on Social Media: @docartemishttp://www.facebook.com/brainsciencepodcast Contact Dr. Campbell: