TGen Talks

In this episode of TGen Talks, we explore the overlooked yet vital world of skin cancer prevention and treatment. Our skin, the body's largest organ, often takes a back seat in discussions about cancer. Join us as we delve into this crucial topic with our guest, Dr. Aleksandar Sekulic. Dr. Sekulic wears two hats: that of a clinician and a researcher. He shares how his interactions with patients inform his research, leading to groundbreaking advancements in skin cancer treatment. From pioneering clinical trials to developing targeted therapies and immunotherapies, Dr. Sekulic sheds light on the complexities of skin cancer and the importance of bridging the gap between medicine and research. Discover the different types of skin cancer, from melanoma to basal cell carcinoma, we’ll explore the various facets of this disease, its impact, and the latest advancements transforming the landscape of skin cancer care. Learn about the challenges posed by complex skin cancers, such as locally advanced and metastatic basal cell carcinoma, and the innovative treatments being developed to address them. Tune in to gain a deeper understanding of this often-underestimated aspect of healthcare as our host, Karie Dozer, works to uncover the latest insights and advancements in skin cancer research and treatment with Dr. Aleksandar Sekulic.

Cancer continues to be the second most common cause of death in the United States, with a total of nearly 2 million diagnoses every year. In this episode of TGen Talks, recorded in front of a live studio audience, we take a look at how genomic information is leading to better and earlier diagnoses and treatments for all kinds of cancer and how the collaboration between City of Hope Cancer Center Phoenix and TGen is proving to be a mighty weapon in the fight against cancer right here in Arizona. Joining the podcast this month are TGen President and Research Director, Dr. Jeffrey Trent, and City of Hope Cancer Center Phoenix Chief Clinical Officer, Dr. Alan Bryce.

Alzheimer’s disease affects an estimated six million Americans. Diagnosing and treating the disease is challenging, and for families taking care of a loved one with Alzheimer’s, it’s even more difficult. Detecting and addressing the disease early on is crucial due to its progressive nature. However, Alzheimer’s symptoms can resemble those of other non-progressive conditions. In a recent Cells publication, a team of scientists describe using machine learning models to identify changes in RNA molecules of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) that may hold potential for identifying Alzheimer’s disease (AD) at its earliest stages. This is one of the first studies to show changes in the RNA molecules of plasma EVs that precede neurodegeneration and provides evidence that some of the hidden pathology taking place early in the disease is reflected in plasma EVs, where it can be accessed in a minimally invasive manner and used for biomarker development. On this edition of TGen Talks, study co-author and TGen Neurogenomics Division staff scientist Joanna Palade, Ph.D., discusses their findings, and how what sound like magic or a fortune teller's promise, is the goal of the scientists working to develop a simple test; one that wouldn't simply indicate whether your symptoms might progress to an Alzheimer's diagnosis, but could also estimate the timeframe for when it might occur.

Paul J. Luna, president and CEO of Helios Education Foundation, sits down with TGen Talks to discuss the transformational power of education, in particular, how internships help prepare students for future success. Helios Education Foundation supports postsecondary attainment for all students, especially low-income and underrepresented communities, in Arizona and Florida. Earlier this month, Helios committed funding to extend the TGen Bioscience Leadership Academy (TBLA) through 2028 (see related story). TBLA spun out of TGen’s Helios Scholars Program in 2018, with a focus on supporting high-school students interested in careers in biomedical research and medicine. In addition to the Helios-funded programs at TGen, Luna discusses Helios’ focus on helping students achieve educational success beyond high school and the importance of opening the programs to all students, regardless of background. And how rewarding it is to help students find a track to success, whatever that success may be. Students should allow themselves to dream big, he says. Be willing to apply, be willing to say, I want to be part of that unique cohort of talented students who are going to learn and evolve and build a network and maybe, one day, find the cure for Alzheimer’s or cancer.

More than three years after the beginning of the pandemic, humans still spread COVID to one another every day, though with less severe symptoms in most cases. Scientists also know that we can spread COVID to our pets as well, because of the close relationships many of us have with our four-legged friends. While dogs CAN get COVID from humans, they don’t seem to get very SICK. So, what’s the big deal if we spread the virus to our pets? Can dogs spread it back to humans or to other animals? TGen scientists are looking to answer these and other questions in a new study called the 1000 Canine (1K9) SARS-CoV-2 Surveillance Study … and they’re looking for dogs to participate. Hayley Yaglom, MS, MPH, a genomic epidemiologist who leads TGen North’s One Health team and the 1K9 study joins TGen Talks to discuss the study and how the information gained will help tailor guidance for public health, veterinary professionals, and people interacting with dogs in various settings.

Today, the world of biomedical science is changing how we think about disease and, certainly, how we treat it ... but did you ever wonder how discovery happens? What does a lab look like? What type of equipment do they use? Who exactly is working inside? How many scientists and staff? And on what projects? On this episode of TGen Talks, Kristen Kaus, Manager of TGen's Education and Outreach programs, talks TGen, specifically, what guests and visitors see and hear when they go on a tour. While you might not learn everything modern research, you will gain an insider’s knowledge of TGen. She also talks about STEM education and the programs at TGen designed to foster a love of science and support students aiming for a career in bioscience. If that’s you, a TGen tour is a great way to see science in action.

For a patient diagnosed with multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer, there are more treatment options than ever and traditional chemotherapies that cause debilitating side effects have been all but completely replaced by immunotherapies, treatments that help a patient's own immune system better fight the disease. But in many patients, a chosen immunotherapy drug can show great promise in early treatments, yet seemingly stop working altogether as time goes by. In a paper that was published in Nature Medicine, TGen's Dr. Jonathan Keats explains how upwards of 65% of relapsing multiple myeloma patients could be affected by mutations that impact targeted T cell treatments. On this episode, you'll hear about a study that found how these cancer cells were mutating to evade the very drugs prescribed to fight them. The findings could help clinicians and patients choose from among a variety of T cell therapies for multiple myeloma to find treatments that best match a patient’s available tumor targets. Dr. Keats also discusses his broader work in multiple myeloma and plans for a rapid sequencing center that will place valuable genomic-informed data in the hands of treating physicians in just 48 hours. All this and more on TGen Talks.

The phrase "gut health" has become quite a buzzword in recent years, and researchers like this month's guest will tell you quite candidly that we have a lot to learn about the community of microorganisms that live INSIDE the human body. But one thing seems to be clear. The human being with a "healthy gut" is far better able to fight a cancer diagnosis than the human with poor gut health. Regardless the current standard for a healthy human microbiome, the data being compiled on this relatively new topic is vast. One TGen researcher is uniquely qualified to analyze and manage such data, and is doing so at TGen North. Dr. Greg Caporaso is a bioinformatician-- with expertise in both computer science and the human microbiome. On this episode of TGen talks, he explains how his study of this important body system started not in a pre-med class, but in the computer lab.

Most of us had a summer job when we were in high school or college, and if we were lucky, we had one that helped us make meaningful decisions about college or a career. At TGen, summer interns in the Helios Scholars at TGen program work alongside researchers on projects that are much more than “just” eight weeks of full-time hours inside a lab. Many Scholars choose a field of research they will pursue for an entire career. On this episode of the TGen Talks, we connect with Heather Mead, Ph.D., a research assistant professor in TGen’s Pathogen and Microbiome Division. A former Helios Scholar who describes the eight-week internship as life changing and encouraged her to begin a second career in research, one that has seen her come full circle as today she mentors Helios Scholars, helping them find and follow their passion … all while conducting research and coordinating projects around Tuberculosis, Valley Fever, COVID and more.

What if you could take a simple test to find out just how susceptible you are to Covid19, the Flu, or any other virus? What if you could test your exposure and immunity to EVERY virus known to mankind using a single drop of blood? The technology is here, now. And at TGen, researchers are using it to understand the human immune response and predict and track the next global outbreak. What's more, the human immune system not only protects us from viruses and pathogens, it can help prevent the onset of deadly diseases triggered by those infections. This month's podcast is an introduction to something called PepSeq (pep-seek), a breakthrough technology that allows scientists at TGen to detect infections by – and immunity to – the entire human virome.

This month, our host Karie Dozer sits down for a personal conversation with Maria Fundora, who is neither a scientist nor a clinician. She's a businesswoman from Alpharetta, Georgia, a restauranteur and founder of Purple Pansies, a nonprofit organization dedicated to raising awareness and funds for pancreatic cancer research. And like most nonprofits that support research, there's a story about how it all began, and most often in whose memory. Maria's mother passed away from pancreatic cancer in 2007, inspiring Maria to start Purple Pansies. The organization began with $3,500 raised on Mother's Day in 2008. Maria chose the name Purple Pansies because purple represents pancreatic cancer and pansies symbolize resilience. Initially, Purple Pansies held two annual events, a community gathering and a gala in Maria's restaurant. It wasn't until 2010 that Maria learned about TGen. Impressed by TGen's approach, Maria established a partnership that to date has raised millions. All this and more with Maria Fundora on TGen Talks.

Understanding how infectious diseases spread in the past is important to understanding how they affect populations today. The difficulty lie in piecing together information given that so little is known about how microbes spread historically. Applying academic rigor with scientific assessment, two microbiologists teamed with an archaeologist to look at different types of evidence — genetics, anthropology, paleontology and climate — in an attempt to explain how the fungus that causes Valley fever, Coccidioides immitis, ended up in a specific area of Washington state. The review article in mBio by Drs. David Engelthaler, James C. Chatters and Arturo Casadevall details their approach from a historical perspective, applying what they knew about the biology and epidemiology of C. immitis, which led them to propose a new theory for why it has emerged in that region of Washington. Today, a great deal of discussion around the spread of diseases and the expansion of their habitats focuses on the effects of global warming. And while climate change does have an impact on different environments and habitats, this investigation sought to understand how and why different microbes, like fungi, move from one place to another through the lens of modern biology. Their final analysis, climate change may not always be the reason behind the spread of diseases, but it can reveal past events that could be dangerous. Engelthaler explains more in this edition of TGen Talks.

When treating cancer patients, physicians are often faced with tough choices. Treatment options like radiation can often come with unpleasant, for some, unbearable side-effects. Doctors walk a fine line between stopping the growth of cancer cells and giving cancer cells the very thing they need to grow and spread. City of Hope and TGen physician-scientist Yun Rose Li, M.D., Ph.D., has been called trailblazing and innovative by the NIH in her research into oxidative stress and its effects on cancer cells. Dr. Li is using a five year, nearly $2 million grant to study how manipulating oxidative stress can improve the outcomes of her patients with genitourinary cancers. Recruited for her research while still a resident at UC San Francisco, Dr. Li is quickly proving it no longer takes a lifetime in cancer research to make a difference in the lives of patients.

In part two of TGen Talks Live, we continue our conversation on precision aging with Drs. Matthew Huentelman and Nicholas Schork. Aging encompasses a variety aspects—both physical and mental—a fact made evident by the topics covered and the research presented. Where Huentelman’s work covers the brain and the more cognitive aspects of aging, Schork’s work focuses on the physical changes we undergo as we age. This month, in part two of our live show, our guests talk about how the COVID pandemic affected our bodies and brains, and how we can best separate fact from fiction when it comes to anti-aging supplements.

TGen offers listeners a deeper dive into a particular biomedical-related topic or program through its monthly podcast TGen Talks. Each free-flowing episode allows a TGen scientist to connect with a broader audience by explaining the finer details involved in their research at a listener-friendly level. December’s episode escapes the sound booth for a live event in front of a studio audience. The inaugural TGen Talks Live features Drs. Matthew Huentelman and Nicholas Schork who join our host Karie Dozer for an in-depth conversation on precision aging. A continuation of TGen’s 20th Anniversary celebrations, the event, hosted by the TGen Foundation and sponsored by Phoenix IDA and Bell Bank, took place at the Center for Positive Media. Aging encompasses a variety of aspects—both physical and mental—a fact made evident by the topics covered and the research presented. Where Huentelman’s work covers the brain and the more cognitive aspects of aging, Schork’s work focuses on the physical changes we undergo as we age. Topics discussed included how genetics influences aging, current research, lifestyle choices and the benefits of off-the-shelf supplements and whether they live up to the hype. Can't wait for part II? Catch the full taping on TGen's YouTube channel at: https://youtu.be/N29DaTB8Jg8

Humans have been searching for the fountain of youth (a mythical endless supply of waters that purport to keep us young forever) for thousands of years—but there’s no such thing in the world of science. At TGen, scientists are working toward a virtual fountain of youth, and they call it precision aging. On this month’s TGen Talks, Matthew Huentelman, Ph.D., helps us understand precision aging a bit more clearly, as he explains the concepts behind the process, and discusses just a few of the benefits it may hold for our future. This month’s podcast also tees up a first-ever TGen Talks Live event slated for December, where Huentelman and his colleague, Nicholas Schork, Ph.D., join our host Karie Dozer for a deeper dive into precision aging, and how genomics may hold the answers for a longer and healthier life

Cancer is the number one worry of pet parents, and it's no wonder. More than half of all dogs older than 10 will be diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is hard to treat in many dogs, and is often diagnosed when it's too late to treat. Americans spent more than $120 billion on their pets just last year. One TGen subsidiary is putting its science to work for pet parents, so that cancer in dogs is diagnosed before it's too late. Vidium Animal Health is a wholly owned subsidiary of TGen and it works to diagnose and treat canine cancers.

With COVID infections and deaths on the decline worldwide, many researchers are turning their attention back to a familiar foe. Tuberculosis (TB) was the number one infectious disease killer before the emergence of COVID-19, and it is number one again today. Although most Americans are not at risk of contracting TB, it continues to be a danger worldwide. TGen researchers are trying to find better diagnostics for this very stubborn bacterial infection, and combat antibiotic resistance so that doctors everywhere can better treat this ancient illness. TGen North research scientist Megan Folkerts joins TGen Talks to discuss TB’s history, Egyptian mummies, TGen North's efforts to design better diagnostics, learning how antibiotic resistance stunts treatment, and improved ways to overcome its effects on new or current therapies. All this and more on TGen Talks.

For Crystal Hepp, PhD, the newest member of the TGen North team, understanding how different pathogens move over time and space and through different populations is all in a day’s work. Recently, that work has centered heavily on RNA viruses, and given that the translational aspects of her work aligned seamlessly with the TGen North team and its mission, the decision to join the team came fairly easy. Spread through the bite of the common house mosquito, West Nile virus is the leading cause of mosquito-borne disease in the United States. Hepp discusses her work with county vector control agencies throughout the southwest to collect and test mosquitoes, work that helps identify locations that are viral hot zones. Additionally, Dr. Hepp discusses a unique method for collecting local wastewater samples across wastewater treatment plants, local school districts, and university residence halls testing for COVID —a partnership between the City of Flagstaff, Coconino County Health Services, Northern Arizona University, and TGen— and plans for a study to look for coronaviruses in different animal populations to understand which populations might be able to be reservoir species, then estimate when or if spillover back into humans could occur. All this and more on TGen Talks.

This episode of TGen Talks takes the listener along I-17 from Phoenix to Flagstaff, where our host, Karie Dozer, sits down with David Engelthaler, Ph.D., professor and director of TGen’s Pathogen and Microbiome Division, more commonly known as TGen North. Whereas TGen uses genomics to solve complex problems such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease, the scientists at TGen North use these same tools and technology to focus on infectious disease … the microbes, the bacteria, the viruses, the fungi that cause some of the greatest problems around the world. Engelthaler provides the listener an inside look at the research underway across the division, and the community work with different tribal nations and hospitals to understand what’s most important to them and how TGen North can apply their expertise to support those needs. Whether it's Cryptococcus, tuberculosis, superbugs in our hospitals, or other bad things like plague, West Nile, Valley fever, COVID, or the latest efforts around pathogen intelligence, TGen North’s goal is and always has been to rapidly identify and help stop the spread of potentially dangerous outbreaks. All this and more, on TGen Talks.