FYI - For Your Innovation

Since inception, ARK has researched and published thoughts on the cryptocurrency ecosystem within Big Ideas and through articles, whitepapers, monthly Bitcoin reports and podcasts. Now, in coordination with Bitcoin Park, ARK is pleased to introduce a monthly conversation with leaders in the Bitcoin space, to discuss everything happening in the rapidly-changing and still nascent Bitcoin ecosystem. Published through the For Your innovation podcast channels, this monthly series aims to be informative and enlightening, including experts with diverse viewpoints. Guests on this month’s Bitcoin Brainstorm include: Key Points From This Episode: 0:00 — Welcome + 2025 → 2026 setup 0:52 — 2025 price action: $120k, 10/10 flash crash, four-year cycle & volatility 5:06 — Why 2025 was a “before/after” year: Genius Act, Clarity Act, institutional rails 10:13 — Stablecoins vs Bitcoin: “usurping a role” + medium-of-exchange reality check 12:38 — Circular economies on the ground: Kibera (Afribit) + real-world usage 20:32 — US adoption push: Square/Block terminals + merchant acceptance 22:26 — The “de minimis” tax exemption: why it matters + political momentum 28:04 — Privacy + developer protections: Clarity Act language, Samourai/Tornado Cash concerns 32:01 — Bitcoin as pristine collateral: miners, credit markets, yield/treasury management 48:29 — Mining & energy convergence: AI/High Performance Computing (HPC) shift, hashrate decentralization, supply chain/ASICs 56:14 — Bold predictions for 2026: normalization + “de-taboo-ization” of Bitcoin Learn more about Bitcoin Park: bitcoinpark.com

In this episode of The Brainstorm, we discuss the latest developments in AI and technology, including NVIDIA's strategic moves with Groq and Meta's acquisition of Manus AI. We explore the implications of these acquisitions on the AI landscape, the potential for orchestration layers in AI models, and the competitive dynamics among major tech companies. The conversation also touches on the future of user interfaces and the evolving role of voice and text in consumer interactions. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Wolf.financial, and sponsored by Public. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: To learn more about WOLF: https://wolf.financial To learn more about Public: https://public.com/

On this year’s final episode of FYI, we will be taking the opportunity to highlight some of the best moments from throughout the year. While we are grateful for every single guest that has joined the For Your Innovation podcast, here is a compilation of some of our favorite moments. Key Points From Each Highlighted Episode:

In this episode, Brett Winton and Lorenzo sit down with Carlos Domingo, CEO and co-founder of Securitize, to explore how blockchain infrastructure is transforming capital markets. As a pioneer in the tokenization space, Carlos unpacks what it means to issue native securities—like stocks, bonds, and credit funds—on chain and why the modernization of legacy financial systems is long overdue. Carlos details Securitize’s role as a registered transfer agent and broker-dealer, their regulatory journey with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and why native tokenization (not synthetic derivatives) is essential for future growth. They discuss the promise of 24/7 trading, peer-to-peer transfers, composability with decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols, and the global democratization of financial access—especially in markets underserved by traditional systems. The episode also dives into the tension between blockchain-native systems and financial incumbents, the logic behind Securitize’s decision to go public via a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC), and the asset classes best suited for tokenization—from treasuries to public equities and beyond. Key Points From This Episode:(00:00:00) Why capital markets need a blockchain-based ledger upgrade (00:05:46) How tokenization improves global accessibility and financial user experience (00:07:35) Real-world examples: Tokenized treasury and credit funds (00:10:29) Understanding how ownership works: DTCC, transfer agents, and blockchain (00:17:08) Global appetite for tokenized stocks, following stablecoin adoption (00:18:24) Tokenizing private equity and venture capital for broader access (00:25:34) How Securitize tokenizes assets the right way—with issuer involvement (00:28:55) Regulatory clarity accelerates tokenization adoption (00:30:08) Open blockchain infrastructure unlocks composability and innovation (00:35:50) Where Securitize fits in the capital markets stack (00:37:13) Projecting tokenized assets: From $4.6B to $200B assets under management (AUM) (00:39:46) Why Securitize stays blockchain-agnostic despite protocol growth

In this episode of The Brainstorm, we delve into the groundbreaking advancements in gene editing, focusing on its potential to transform healthcare. We explore the shift from treating rare diseases to tackling common killers like cardiovascular disease, and discover how CRISPR technology is paving the way for a new era in medical treatment. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Wolf.financial, and sponsored by Public. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: To learn more about WOLF: https://wolf.financial To learn more about Public: https://public.com/ Relevant Links: https://www.ark-invest.com/newsletters/issue-491

In this episode of The Brainstorm, we dive into the high-stakes battle between Netflix and Paramount over the acquisition of Warner Brothers, exploring the implications for the streaming industry. We also discuss Elon Musk's ambitious plans for space-based data centers and the potential impact on global technology infrastructure. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Wolf.financial, and sponsored by Public. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: To learn more about WOLF: https://wolf.financial To learn more about Public: https://public.com/

In this episode of FYI – For Your Innovation, ARK's Brett and Lorenzo are joined by Sandeep Nailwal, co-founder of Polygon, to explore the evolving landscape of Ethereum scaling, the role of Layer 2s, and Polygon’s growing importance in Web3 infrastructure. Sandeep unpacks how Polygon transitioned from a sidechain into a comprehensive execution layer, supporting both shared and dedicated compute environments. The discussion spans Polygon's technology roadmap (including the transition to Polygon 2.0), the distinction between sidechains and L2s, and how Polygon’s AggLayer is designed to unify fragmented liquidity across custom blockchains. They also address the competitive dynamics between public blockchains and “corpo chains” like those initiated by Stripe, Circle, and Coinbase—raising questions about credible neutrality, token economics, and long-term adoption paths. Sandeep outlines Polygon's strategy of prioritizing scale before revenue, aiming to build lasting infrastructure in the face of fast-moving innovation. Key Points From This Episode:

Impulse Labs founder and CEO Sam D’Amico joins ARK’s Brett Winton and Sam Korus to explore how embedding batteries into appliances—starting with the humble kitchen stove—can rewire energy infrastructure from the inside out. From his time at Oculus and Google to pioneering a 10,000-watt induction cooktop, Sam shares how Impulse is building what he calls the “modern electric technology stack,” and why that could make Impulse the Tesla of home devices. Key Points From This Episode:

In this episode of The Brainstorm, we dive into the looming threat of quantum computing on Bitcoin's security. Join Sam, Nick, Raye, and Brett as they explore the vulnerabilities in Bitcoin's network, the potential impact of quantum advancements, and the steps the crypto community must take to safeguard the future of digital currencies. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Wolf.financial, and sponsored by Public. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: To learn more about WOLF: https://wolf.financial To learn more about Public: https://public.com/

In this episode of The Brainstorm, Sam Korus, Brett Winton, Nick Grous, and Frank Downing dive into the competitive landscape of AI, exploring why Google is outpacing its rivals with the release of Gemini 3. They discuss the implications of this technological leap, the transformative potential of Nano Banana Pro, and what it means for the future of AI. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Wolf.financial, and sponsored by Public. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: To learn more about WOLF: https://wolf.financial To learn more about Public: https://public.com/

In this episode of The Brainstorm, Sam Korus, Brett Winton, and Nick Grous dive into the current state of the market, discussing the recent downturn and its impact on major players like Bitcoin and Nvidia. They explore the narrative around AI as a potential bubble, the implications of major investors selling off their stakes, and the broader economic factors at play. The conversation also touches on the dynamics of AI monetization, the competitive landscape among tech giants, and the future of reusable rockets in the space industry. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode of The Brainstorm, Nick Grous, Tasha Keeney, and Brett Winton dive into the latest Tesla shareholder meeting, discussing Tesla's ambitious plans to build their own chip fab and the implications for the future of autonomous driving. They also explore Robinhood's strategic moves in the financial market and the potential of space-based data centers. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode, ARK’s Cathie Wood and Brett Winton sit down with Sean McClain, Founder and CEO of AbSci, to explore how generative AI is reshaping drug discovery, development timelines, and clinical costs. Sean walks through real-world examples of AI-designed antibodies—such as AbSci’s breakthrough HIV antibody and a regenerative treatment for hair loss—and explains how these platforms are helping unlock previously “undruggable” biology. They discuss AbSci’s Phase 2-ready hair growth antibody (BS201), the company’s partnerships with Caltech and AMD, and why the FDA’s evolving embrace of AI could accelerate the end of animal testing. The conversation closes with a forward-looking discussion on the role of regenerative medicine in longevity—and why AI drug discovery might just pull biotech out of its multi-year bear market. Key Points From This Episode:

In this episode of The Brainstorm, hosts Nick Grous, Brett Winton, and guests Frank Downing and Jozef Soja dive into OpenAI's ambitious restructuring plan and its implications for a potential $1 trillion IPO. They explore the intricacies of OpenAI's partnership with Microsoft, the challenges of defining artificial general intelligence (AGI), and the strategic moves shaping the future of AI. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode of The Brainstorm, join Nick Grous, Tasha Keeney, and Brett Winton as they dive into Tesla's latest earnings, the future of Robotaxis, and the challenges of humanoid robots. Explore insights on Tesla's production ramp, AI advancements, and the potential for full autonomy. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode, ARK’s Brett Winton and Lorenzo Valente sit down with Anatoly Yakovenko — co-founder of Solana — to explore how Solana is evolving into a high-performance, globally distributed financial infrastructure. Anatoly shares the network’s origin story, explains how Solana leverages parallel compute and hardware innovation to scale, and outlines why execution—not just settlement—is the future of crypto-based finance. The discussion covers how Solana compares to centralized systems like NASDAQ, why monolithic architecture matters, and how innovations like Firedancer and Alpenglow will push the boundaries of decentralized coordination and real-time price discovery. They also explore tokenomics, validator incentives, and why Solana is built to handle machine-generated transaction volumes at global scale. Anatoly offers a wide-ranging perspective on decentralization, future throughput limits, and why blockchains should eventually become invisible to end users. Key Points From This Episode:

In this episode of the Brainstorm podcast, Sam Korus, Brett Winton, and Nick Grous dive into the latest advancements in space exploration with SpaceX's groundbreaking achievements and the evolving landscape of gene sequencing technology. From the successful Starship test flight to the economic implications of reusable rockets, and the cost dynamics of long-read versus short-read sequencing, this discussion offers a deep dive into the future of technology and innovation. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode of the Brainstorm podcast, Sam Korus, Brett Winton, Cathie Wood, and Nick Grous dive into the ambitious targets of Elon Musk's new pay package and its potential impact on Tesla and its shareholders. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public

In this episode, ARK’s Cathie Wood and Brett Winton sit down with Tom Lee — co-founder of Fundstrat Global Advisors and chairman of BitMine Immersion Technologies — to explore the rising influence of Ethereum as a financial infrastructure layer. Tom shares how BitMine transformed into the largest corporate holder of Ethereum globally, and why digital asset treasury companies DATs could serve as a bridge between traditional finance and decentralized networks. The conversation covers Ethereum’s “ChatGPT moment,” the regulatory unlock of 2025, and why institutional investors may prefer equity-wrapped crypto exposure. Tom also lays out a bold vision in which Ethereum surpasses Bitcoin in market cap and becomes the financial internet’s base layer — absorbing everything from stablecoins and tokenized assets to staking, liquidity backstops, and even prediction markets. The trio also examines risk dynamics, corporate strategy, and the architectural differences between proof-of-work and proof-of-stake systems as Wall Street starts to build on-chain. Key Points From This Episode:

In this episode of the Brainstorm podcast, Sam Korus, Brett Winton, and Nick Grous dive into the evolving landscape of AI and its economic implications. They explore the strategic partnerships between tech giants like AMD and OpenAI, discussing the potential impacts on the AI hardware market. The conversation also touches on the future of e-commerce with agentic commerce and the role of AI in reshaping consumer experiences. If you know ARK, then you probably know about our long-term research projections, like estimating where we will be 5-10 years from now! But just because we are long-term investors, doesn’t mean we don’t have strong views and opinions on breaking news. In fact, we discuss and debate this every day. So now we’re sharing some of these internal discussions with you in our new video series, “The Brainstorm”, a co-production from ARK and Public.com. Tune in every week as we react to the latest in innovation. Here and there we’ll be joined by special guests, but ultimately this is our chance to join the conversation and share ARK’s quick takes on what’s going on in tech today. Key Points From This Episode: For more updates on Public.com: Website: https://public.com/ YouTube: @publicinvest X: https://twitter.com/public