In All of Us Command

In Episode 33, Kate learns about the back half of Italy's history and we get to meet our dear friend of the podcast Mussolini before listening to the anthem. Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SNSz0_XJD4s https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8hNfB-unpd0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjj1-dJN2KQ Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Italy/Condition-of-the-Italian-kingdom https://www.preceden.com/timelines/195122-italian-unification https://www.preceden.com/timelines/280382-fascist-italy-timeline https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/07/30/as-europe-reckons-with-racism-italy-still-wont-confront-its-colonial-past/ https://worldhistory.hcps.org/pages/pdf/u5lf_sr_italytimeline.pdf

For episode 32, Kate takes on Italy's early history, as the country changes hands several times and uninvited neighbours drop in for a visit. Main sources used: https://www.insightguides.com/destinations/europe/italy/historical-highlights https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17435616 https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/07/eust.html https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/08/eustc.html https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20111019153937351 https://www.britannica.com/place/Italy/Condition-of-the-Italian-kingdom

For episode 31, Aaron takes us to east Africa to learn about the history and anthem of Rwanda. Canadian fans can look forward to a surprise appearance from a beloved national icon in the fun facts section. Pili Pili recipe: https://www.giftofhospitality.com/pili-pili-recipe/ Further sources on the Rwandan genocide: https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/76806/life-laid-bare-by-jean-hatzfeld/ https://us.macmillan.com/books/9781429923514 https://genocidearchiverwanda.org.rw/index.php?title=Welcome_to_Genocide_Archive_Rwanda Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9BM2ExQCwmY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q_MuyRiRM_Q https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mFhxtHZrSDI Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Rwanda https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14093322 https://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/rwhistory.htm

In an episode unofficially titled "Blood, Sweat and Phosphate", Kate learns about Nauru, the world's hunger for Phosphate, and what happens when you mine an entire island nation while also trying to use it as a strategic base in WWII. Coconut Mousse recipe: https://www.internationalcuisine.com/nauru-coconut-mousse/ Great Frigate Bird picture: https://everywherewild.com/great-frigatebird-vs-magnificent-frigatebird/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Jtrp7fyBHs https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGqCed8rfPM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fOud3DpsDE0 Main sources used: https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/dark-history-nauru/ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-15433901 https://www.britannica.com/place/Nauru/History https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/5104011.pdf https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/sep/24/australia-signs-deal-with-nauru-to-keep-asylum-seeker-detention-centre-open-indefinitely

In Episode 29, we get perhaps closer to the current day than in any other episode so far. Aaron, Kate, and Niels learn about the disputed territory of the Western Sahara, centre of an ongoing conflict and possibly the home of the world's longest minefield. Couscous with lamb recipe: https://www.taste.com.au/recipes/15-minute-moroccan-lamb-couscous/231954af-09e9-4406-8d2a-c7aa099cbb4b Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CMmEG7iYrRg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kzWtrq6pYRA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LxhVXrXBQ6s Main sources used: http://www.hlrn.org/english/WS%20history.pdf https://arabcenterdc.org/resource/the-polisario-front-morocco-and-the-western-sahara-conflict/ https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14115273#:~:text=Western%20Sahara%20is%20a%20sparsely,led%20by%20the%20Polisario%20Front. https://culturesofresistancefilms.com/ws-timeline/

In Part 2, Kate learns about the Spanish civil war, Franco's dictatorship, and a street festival where everyone throws tomatoes at each other. Bocadillo recipe: https://spanishsabores.com/serranito-bocadillo-recipe-how-to-make-classic-spanish-sandwich/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9i_PqUxcvjg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2aOXCmvFKU https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-k1L-t7q3j4 Main sources used: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-17955805 https://www.britannica.com/place/Spain/Primo-de-Rivera-1923-30-and-the-Second-Republic-1931-36 https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/989/gallery/ https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/spain https://www.spainthenandnow.com/spanish-history/m-primo-de-rivera-fall https://www.pbs.org/tpt/dictators-playbook/episodes/francisco-franco/

Episode 27 is just the beginning of our dive into Spanish history, with the conclusion and anthem to come next week. We take a tour through the incredible evidence of prehistoric humans that can be found in the Iberian peninsula, and dash through many centuries of interactions with Phoenicians, Celts, Romans, and more.

For our 26th episode, Aaron learns about the South American nation of Argentina and strongly recommends that our audience avoids getting any of this information from the musical Evita. Alfajores recipe: https://prettysimplesweet.com/alfajores/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NEZ7IJX-euw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WPgBEcvHtMA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yqBC3l7i7dk Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Argentina https://www.insightguides.com/destinations/south-america/argentina/historical-highlights https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-18712378 https://latinaer.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s40503-019-0076-2

In Episode 25, Kate covers Bosnia and Herzegovina's fight for independence, involving several guys named Stephen. We'll then get into a Balkan War or two, and finally the anthem "Intermezzo" or "The National Anthem of Bosnia and Herzegovina". Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lVPBH0KjYQw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nS8iJR0_IBc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OI_dm7DSM0g Main sources used: https://www.nato.int/sfor/indexinf/118/p03a/chapter2.htm https://www.britannica.com/place/Bosnia-and-Herzegovina/History https://nationalanthems.info/ba.htm https://dbpedia.org/page/National_Anthem_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina https://lyricstranslate.com/en/jedna-si-jedina-you-are-one-and-only.html

In episode 24, Aaron takes a tour through the unique and fascinating history of the island nation of Madagascar. Learn with us about Madagascar's historical mad queen and the incredible role that kung fu has played in the country's modern history. Mofo gasy recipe: https://www.notesfromamessykitchen.com/recipe/madagascar-mofo-gasy/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xHhZH1O4FyY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Rs_9eHg99k https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovqQCHD1Wkc Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Madagascar/History https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/5bdef18dce1f435d984ec68fa4396956 https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/madg_1/hd_madg_1.htm https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6ac0560.html https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-13864364

This week, Kate will be sharing the history of Kosovo, a small country with such a long fight for independence that it is still unrecognized by some nations. Stick around until the fun facts section to learn about the strange attempt to rename Lake Gazivoda/Ujman to Trump Lake. Tespixhe recipe: https://www.myalbanianfood.com/recipe/albanian-tespixhe/ Majlinda Kelmendi olympic parade: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5n1D0FjbNI Kosovo's "Newborn" sign: https://media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-s/05/60/3b/65/colourful-in-all-the.jpg Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fxJtsdcUHkk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jzf2jeMKEhk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BoF5zIxv7wY Main sources used: https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-18331273 https://www.britannica.com/place/Kosovo/Self-declared-independence https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/v/vickers-serb.html https://www.rferl.org/a/kosovo-anthem-still-leaves-citizens-at-a-loss-for-words/29043836.html

For episode 22, Aaron is taking us on a tour of the first country on this podcast that he's been to with our episode on Switzerland. Learn how all these European cultures bumped up against each other in the Alps and the farming communities that grew into a nation, then be disappointed at how this nation with humble beginnings colludes with fascist governments. It's a roller coaster. Rorschach/Brad Pitt comparison: https://preview.redd.it/05s6ezpjaztx.jpg?auto=webp&s=3e41925127395b7a96c64a8598f4991b0abbc5f6 Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zwClo_t7EM https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZfDpRzN2SBI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ecvs-aR8f3g Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Switzerland/History https://www.eda.admin.ch/aboutswitzerland/en/home/politik-geschichte/geschichte-der-schweiz.html https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/abs/concise-history-of-switzerland/creating-the-swiss-confederacy-13861520/C00A64EA519E9549F869CA2DE0D42535 https://www.myswissalps.com/aboutswitzerland/culturehistory/historyswitzerland

This week we're getting our first Viking action while visiting the island of Iceland. We'll learn about their almost-impossible-to-sing anthem, as well as a language that has gone almost unchanged since people were speaking Old Norse. Icelandic horse showing the "flying" gait: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4PMj_kiL5GY Plokkfiskur recipe: https://adamantkitchen.com/plokkfiskur/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.government.is/media/forsaetisraduneyti-media/media/thjodsongurinn/01O-Gud-vors-lands.mp3 https://www.government.is/media/forsaetisraduneyti-media/media/thjodsongurinn/02O-Gud-vors-lands.mp3 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o39LJOcB0bI Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Iceland/Drainage#ref225464 https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Book-of-the-Icelanders https://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/mid-ocean-ridge.html https://www.nationalgeographic.org/article/protestant-reformation/

In Episode 20, we visit Central America to take a wild ride through Guatemala's fascinating history. Everything from Mayans and Cortés to a shockingly long string of dictators comes up in this one, along with our old friend from the Moldova episode: Sam The Banana Man himself. Chichen Itza photo: https://whc.unesco.org/uploads/thumbs/site_0483_0001-750-0-20080528123637.jpg Temple of the Jaguar photo: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Tikal_Temple1_2006_08_11.JPG Lake Atitlan photo: https://dynamic-media-cdn.tripadvisor.com/media/photo-o/11/3a/91/f8/lake-atitlan.jpg?w=1200&h=-1&s=1 Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WT6w2ldUWLI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eT5in80qplc https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jg5EJXUnRoc Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Guatemala https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/latin_america-jan-june11-timeline_03-07 https://www.worldhistory.org/Maya_Civilization/

In this episode, Kate learns about Laos - a landlocked country with a few aggressive neighbours. Also, the USA does come out looking good at the end of this one. Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vpl271oypiw https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-ODWhvhdLk https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X6kbdgEiq2U Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Laos/ https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/laos-during-vietnam-war/ https://www.iwgia.org/en/laos.html https://uca.edu/politicalscience/dadm-project/asiapacific-region/french-indochinalaos-1945-1954/

For the eighteenth episode, Aaron teaches us about Moldova, the least visited country in Europe despite an incredible museum that we will talk about in the show. Follow along as we learn the definition of suzerainty and discover the nation that gave the world one of its very first memes. Flying Octopus helicopter photo: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Bothezat_helicopter#/media/File:De_Bothezat_Quadrotor.jpg Museum of Strong Drinks website: https://www.himoldova.md/en/md/bottle-museum/ Alexei Mateevici poems: https://poetii-nostri.ro/alexei-mateevici-autor-131/ Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKSqlXhG_10 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VZ2T-GhP8U4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lor5OfcoDzQ Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Moldova/History http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages%5CB%5CE%5CBessarabia.htm https://carnegieendowment.org/2017/05/23/moldova-between-russia-and-west-delicate-balance-pub-70056

In Episode 17, we're learning about the small island nation of East Timor and their long fight for independence, first from Portugal and more recently from Indonesia. This is our youngest country that's been covered on the podcast to date, gaining full independence as recently as 2002. Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBetbUMn7UI (This one is a full soccer game but they sing the anthem first. It was too inaudible to be included in the episode anthem mix.) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqgqb-DISII https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6Nw98086g3I Babadok drum: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Traditional_Dancer_%28Imagicity_112%29.jpg/440px-Traditional_Dancer_%28Imagicity_112%29.jpg Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/East-Timor https://factsanddetails.com/southeast-asia/East_Timor/sub5_10e/entry-3179.html#chapter-1 https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-pacific-14952883 https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/postcolonial-blog/2019/nov/13/australias-history-with-east-timor-isnt-pretty-but-it-must-be-told-truthfully https://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/portuguese_timor http://edition.cnn.com/2002/WORLD/asiapcf/southeast/04/10/timor.timeline/

For episode 16, we keep trying to untangle the history of Palestine, this time focusing on only a century rather than a gigayear. It's still somehow the longer episode, an incredibly tangled mess of contradicting political promises and irresponsible maneuvering. Stick through it to learn about one of the world's oldest living trees and the excellent anthem, Fida'i. Hummus recipe: https://www.themediterraneandish.com/how-to-make-hummus/ (full disclosure: we ordered hummus from a local restaurant, this is not the hummus we ate for the episode) Anthem versions assessed: 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxdIMszp9tY 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=74pxKzFRMFU 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GS3weRzMkhM Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Palestine https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2018/5/15/palestine-what-has-been-happening-since-wwi https://www.paljourneys.org/en/timeline/overallchronology

In Episode 15, Aaron heads into the heart of the Holy Land for a deep dive on the ancient history of Palestine. We will cover as many as we can of the frankly insane number of peoples, occupations, and empires that have passed through the region, including the majority of the Old Testament of the Bible. By the end of this episode, we will set up the conflicting promises and treaties at the end of World War I that lead into the modern history of Palestine. Tune in to Part 2 next week for the most recent century of Palestinian history and the coverage of their national anthem, Fida'i. Main sources used: https://www.britannica.com/place/Palestine https://www.worldhistory.org/palestine/ https://www.welcometopalestine.com/history-of-palestine/ancient-history/ Natufian sickle: https://cpb-eu-w2.wpmucdn.com/blogs.ucl.ac.uk/dist/9/20/files/2012/10/Replica-sickle-haft-copy.jpg Twitter: @iaoucpodcast Email: inallofuscommandpodcast@gmail.com

In Episode 14, Kate travels from the Paleolithic age through the present to learn about the United Arab Emirates and their anthem, Ishy Bilady. Join us as the Portuguese, Dutch, and English duke it out over valuable trade routes on land that doesn't belong to them, and learn about the world's tallest building: the Burj Khalifa. Anthem versions assessed: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A6YNljzz-M4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8LZsglAL2sY https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MpDVbnmsICk Main sources used: https://u.ae/en/about-the-uae/history https://www.britannica.com/place/United-Arab-Emirates/History#ref484756 https://www.britannica.com/topic/history-of-Arabia-31558/Arabia-since-the-7th-century https://skagit.instructure.com/courses/5362/pages/british-imperialism-and-the-arabian-peninsula?module_item_id=227226 https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-14703998 https://www.britannica.com/place/United-Arab-Emirates/Political-process https://www.thenationalnews.com/uae/pride-of-poet-who-penned-the-words-of-uae-national-anthem-1.293594 Fountain/light show video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8c68Adj-PtU