AIG Global Trade Series

The 2024 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the theme of ‘Back to the Future: A New Era of Managed Trade?’ This special episode, recorded live at Chatham House on the eve of their 2024 Global Trade Conference, considers the potential repercussions on trade of the upcoming US and UK elections. In the UK, current polling suggests that the Labour Party of Sir Keir Starmer is heading for victory whenever the election is called. Across the Atlantic, Joe Biden and Donald Trump are set for the first rematch in an American presidential election for 70 years. What do the various potential election outcomes mean for British and American trade policy? And what might they mean for global trade? Panellists: Creon Butler, Director, Global Economy and Finance Programme, Chatham House Jennifer Hillman, Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law; Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown Law Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 7 March 2024. ___ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; Chatham House (UK); the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Elcano Royal Institute (Spain); ERIA – the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (Indonesia); IIEL - the Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan); and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not reflect the views, policy or position of American International Group Inc, or its subsidiaries or affiliates (AIG). Any content provided by the speakers in this podcase series is their opinion, and is not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or group of individuals or anyone or anything. AIG makes no warranty or representations as to the accuracy, completeness, correctness or validity of any information provided during this podcast series, and AIG will not be liable for any errors, inaccuracies or omissions in the information provided during this podcast series or any damages, losses, liabilities, injuries resulting from or arising from the Podcast including your use of the Podcast.

Supply, demand and contrasting approaches to security in critical metals. Panellists: Kathleen Claussen, Professor of Law, Georgetown Law Simon Evenett, Professor of International Trade and Economic Development, St. Gallen University; Founder of the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity Through Trade Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 27 February 2024. The 2024 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the theme of ‘Back to the Future: A New Era of Managed Trade?’ Alongside decarbonisation, the digital transition is leading to higher demand for specialty metals and rare earths elements. With the chemical properties of cobalt, lithium and gallium amongst others being crucial to the production of advanced technologies, and the lack of substitutes, these critical metals are imported from abroad from specific locations. This concentration of resources, and the consequently increased risk of disruption, has led to concerns about these supply chains being weaponised or leveraged as tools of economic coercion by a producing or processing country. Given the strategic importance to them both of these critical metals, how can the EU and the US secure their access? This episode explores the dynamics of trade flows in critical resources from both European and US perspectives. Related content from GTS Contributors: Report – Authors: Simon Evenett and Johannes Fritz | The Scramble for Critical Raw Materials: Time to Take Stock? Blog – Author: Kathleen Claussen | What is a Free Trade Agreement, Anyway? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; Chatham House (UK); the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Elcano Royal Institute (Spain); ERIA – the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia (Indonesia); IIEL - the Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan); and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Where does globalisation go from here? Changing dynamics of the global trade landscape Panellists: Cecilia Malmström, former European Commissioner for Trade; Nonresident Senior Fellow, Peterson Institute for International Economics Jeongmin Seong, Partner, McKinsey Global Institute (MGI) Deborah Elms, Founder and Executive Director, Asian Trade Centre Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 2 November 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. A major theme of the year in global trade has been the reshaping of global value chains and the consequent rise in supply chain risk. In response, policy-makers have focused on economic security - reducing unwanted economic dependencies and mitigating the risk of economic coercion. This has helped fuel industrial policy, given new significance to the use of subsidies, and encouraged diversification and 'friend shoring’. Yet for all this, global trade is continuing. So how much change has actually taken place? Is the world de-globalising? And how have these trends manifested in Asia, Europe and the Americas? In this podcast, the GTS 2023 season finale, experts discuss how global trade flows are evolving and assess the outlook for the continued regionalisation of trade in 2024. ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Regional competition or global harmonisation? Panellists: Anu Bradford, Professor of Law and International Organization, Columbia University Karen Kornbluh, Distinguished Fellow for Technology and Competitiveness, German Marshall Fund Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 26 October 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. The proliferation of Artificial Intelligence and other data driven services will have a transformative impact on world trade. At the same time, expanding regulation of the digital economy – be it related to AI, concerns around disinformation or cyber security - will also have profound implications for the way trade is conducted. In this context the issue of who sets the standards for the global digital economy - and how it is regulated - becomes critical, especially as standard setters often have a material advantage in the market. So how can different approaches to digital regulation be reconciled against a backdrop of geopolitical tension and macroeconomic insecurity? What is the risk of the digital trade space becoming more fragmented? And what does this mean for the future of trade overall? ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Recorded live from the WTO Public Forum 2023 Panellists: Angela Ellard, WTO Deputy Director-General Jennifer Hillman, Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law; Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown Law Stormy-Annika Mildner, Executive Director, Aspen Institute Germany Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 13 September 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. This special episode of the GTS was recorded at the headquarters of global trade – the WTO in Geneva - during its annual Public Forum in September. With the theme ‘It's Time For Action’, the 2023 WTO Public Forum brought delegates and trade experts together to assess the state of trade multilateralism. Many of these discussions focused on how trade can contribute to tackling climate change and promoting sustainability. A new sense of urgency was palpable this year. The 2023 WTO Global Trade Report, launched during the Public Forum, also raised concerns about the regionalisation or even fragmentation of the trade landscape. Protectionist tendencies remain strong and proliferating subsidies are posing a challenge to multilateral rulemaking. At the same time, in a context of rising geopolitical tensions, trade policy is increasingly seen through a national security lens. Where does this gloomy outlook leave the WTO? What role can it play in reducing the risks of trade fragmentation and restoring the credibility and relevance of a rules-based system? ___________________________________________ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Panellists: Nicholas Mulder, Assistant Professor of History, Cornell University Emily Benson, Director, Project on Trade and Technology and Senior Fellow, Scholl Chair in International Business, CSIS Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 8 August 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. As the high tide of globalisation recedes, trade and economic interdependence are increasingly seen by governments through the lens of national security. The result is a greater readiness to use economic and trade instruments to protect national security and bolster national resilience. Trade policy is more and more influenced by the need to reduce critical supply chain dependencies and to resist economic coercion by antagonistic states. What implications does this growing defensiveness have for international trade flows and how will it impact the global trade landscape for the future? _______ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠⁠; ⁠⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Semiconductors, Trade and High-tech Cooperation: Economic, political and supply chain pressures Panellists: Martijn Rasser, Managing Director, Datenna Yasuhiko Ota, Columnist and TV news commentator, Nikkei Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 10 July 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisationon the global trade landscape. As critical enablers of economic growth, technological development and national security, semiconductors have become an area of intense competition between states. But the insecurity of semiconductor supply chains exposed during the Covid 19 pandemic, and highlighted since by growing geopolitical tension, is also driving new forms of international cooperation around semiconductor production and supply. What is the balance between these two trends and how is it reflected in global trade relations? This episode discusses the geopolitics of semiconductor production – including export controls, state subsidies, friend shoring and new multilateral initiatives – and how they are reflected in trade and trade policy. The focus is on two key players in the field: Japan and the USA. _______ The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠⁠; ⁠⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠⁠; ⁠⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠Clingendael Institute⁠⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠⁠(US); ⁠⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠⁠; the ⁠⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠⁠ (France); ⁠⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Food Security and Global Trade: Impacting the supply of agricultural goods. Panellists: Emily Rees, President and CEO, CropLife International Marion Jansen, Director, Trade and Agriculture Directorate (TAD), OECD Moderator: Rem Korteweg⁠, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 30 June 2023. The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. With Russia’s invasion of Ukraine leading to export restrictions on both Ukrainian grain and Russian fertilizer, food prices - and subsequently inflation - rose significantly. The IMF notes that food insecurity has been rising since 2018 as a result of increasing climate shocks, regional conflicts and the COVID-19 pandemic, which disrupted food production and distribution while driving up food prices. While particularly affecting developing economies - which are generally more dependent on food imports - there are also serious concerns in the developed world about food security, including the issues of climate impact and new trade measures. What are the most important factors shaping the global trade in agricultural goods? How is this impacting on greater food security? And can the frictions, the restrictions and imbalances in the trade in agricultural goods be addressed multilaterally? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the ⁠Aspen Institute Germany⁠; ⁠Chatham House (UK)⁠; ⁠CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations⁠; the ⁠Clingendael Institute⁠ (The Netherlands); ⁠Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center ⁠(US); ⁠ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies⁠; the ⁠Jacques Delors Institute⁠ (France); ⁠RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry⁠ (Japan) and the ⁠St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade⁠ (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What are the dynamics shaping Southeast Asian trade policies? Panellists: Lili Yan Ing, Lead Advisor (Southeast Asia Region), ERIA - the Economic Research Institute for ASEAN and East Asia Cyn-Young Park, Director, Economic Research and Regional Cooperation Department, Asian Development Bank Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 24 May 2023 The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. Growing at a rapid pace, the 10 economies of Southeast Asia now collectively form the fifth largest economy globally - behind the US, China, Germany, and Japan. While intraregional trade is increasing - thanks to the new RCEP regional trade agreement that includes China, extra regional trade beyond Southeast Asia is booming. On RSEP, ASEAN took the lead in making this trade agreement happen, which entered into force on 1 st January 2022 and currently covers over 30% of global trade. The most important trading partners of ASEAN are the United States, the European Union, and China - the largest trading partner by far. However, these three trading blocks aim to increase resilience, diversify supplies and reduce their strategic dependencies, which may translate to decreasing their trade exposure to one another. Is ASEAN being caught in the middle? What is shaping ASEAN 's role in global trade, and how will outside dynamics impact it? As supply chain resilience becomes a major discussion point in Southeast Asia, how is ASEAN itself influenced by the supply shocks in the international trading system? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; Chatham House (UK); CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

A Trade Powerhouse of South America Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Victor do Prado, Senior Fellow, CEBRI Antonella Mori, Head, Latin America Programme, ISPI This podcast episode was recorded on 17 April 2023 The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. With President Lula having returned to office on 1 st January, expectations are raised of a new and positive Brazilian approach to trade, including a possible revival of the EU Mercosur FTA deal. An important voice in the G20 and a key member of the BRICS emerging economies, Brazil’s trade increased significantly in 2022 - due in part to higher prices - and forms an increasingly important part of its overall GDP. However, much of this trade leverages the country’s mineral and agricultural wealth, raising environmental protection and sustainability concerns. From U.S. and European perspectives, how will Brazil’s foreign policy be shaped by the country’s relationship with China, as its main trading partner? What does Brasilia make of growing trade tensions between the U.S. and China? How is Brazil dealing with the shift towards greater regionalisation or even trade fragmentation? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; Chatham House (UK); CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); the International Chamber of Commerce (UK and France); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Is the Climate Agenda driving a wedge through Global Trade Cooperation? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Elvire Fabry, Senior Research Fellow, Jacque Delors Institute Alan Beattie, Senior Trade Writer, The Financial Times This podcast episode was recorded on 17 March 2023 The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. The United States Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which combines climate policy and industrial policy, caused immediate concerns in Europe. With significant implications for European competitiveness and impact on its Green Deal ambitions, the EU responded primarily with state aid rules relaxation to encourage European green tech firms to stay put. How will the EU and the US resolve this green subsidy dispute? How can trade and the climate agenda go together? With an increased use of subsidies by the US and Europe, what are the broader implications for the future of multilateral rules-based trade? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; Chatham House (UK); CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); the International Chamber of Commerce (UK and France); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

The opportunities and risks of regionalisation Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Marianne Schneider-Petsinger, Senior Research Fellow, Global Economy and Finance Programme, Chatham House Simon Evenett, Professor of International Trade and Economic Development, St. Gallen University; Founder of the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity Through Trade Lucia Tajoli, Full Professor in Political Economics, Politecnico di Milano This podcast episode was recorded on 24 February 2023 The 2023 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the extent and impact of regionalisation on the global trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Shannon O’Neil (Vice President, Deputy Director of Studies, and Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies, Council on Foreign Relations) and Vasuki Shastry (Author; Environmental, Social and Governance Advisor; previously Global Head of Public Affairs and Sustainability, Standard Chartered Bank). Listen as they discuss globalisation and its future. 2022 was expected to be the year of the post pandemic recovery. Instead, there have been interest rate hikes across the board, the return of economic nationalism, inflation spiking in many developed economies and supply chain concerns. In discussing the most notable developments of the past year in the world of trade, what do they tell us about the future ahead? Rather than deglobalisation, is global trade being reordered increasingly along regional lines? The Global Trade Series is a collaboration between AIG and the following international organisations with leading expertise on global trade: the Aspen Institute Germany; Chatham House (UK); CEBRI - the Brazilian Center for International Relations; the Clingendael Institute (The Netherlands); Institute of International Economic Law at Georgetown University Law Center (US); the International Chamber of Commerce (UK and France); ISPI - the Italian Institute for International Political Studies; the Jacques Delors Institute (France); RIETI - the Research Institute of Economy, Trade and Industry (Japan) and the St. Gallen Endowment for Prosperity through Trade (Switzerland). The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

Is the future of global trade regional? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Shannon O’Neil, Vice President, Deputy Director of Studies, and Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies, Council on Foreign Relations Vasuki Shastry, Author; Environmental, Social and Governance Advisor; previously Global Head of Public Affairs and Sustainability, Standard Chartered Bank This podcast episode was recorded on 16 December 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Shannon O’Neil (Vice President, Deputy Director of Studies, and Nelson and David Rockefeller Senior Fellow for Latin America Studies, Council on Foreign Relations) and Vasuki Shastry (Author; Environmental, Social and Governance Advisor; previously Global Head of Public Affairs and Sustainability, Standard Chartered Bank). Listen as they discuss globalisation and its future. 2022 was expected to be the year of the post pandemic recovery. Instead, there have been interest rate hikes across the board, the return of economic nationalism, inflation spiking in many developed economies and supply chain concerns. In discussing the most notable developments of the past year in the world of trade, what do they tell us about the future ahead? Rather than deglobalisation, is global trade being reordered increasingly along regional lines? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How the global agenda on electronic commerce and digital trade is taking shape. Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Simon Evenett, Professor of international Trade and Economic Development at St. Gallen University and Director of the Global Trade Alert initiative Ambassador Pimchanok Pitfield, Permanent representative of Thailand to the WTO Chris Southworth, Secretary General, ICC UK This podcast episode was recorded on 25 November 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Simon Evenett (Professor of international Trade and Economic Development at St. Gallen University and Director of the Global Trade Alert initiative), Ambassador Pimchanok Pitfield (Permanent representative of Thailand to the WTO) and Chris Southworth (Secretary General, International Chamber of Commerce UK). Listen as they discuss the Future for Digital Trade and how the global agenda on electronic commerce and digital trade is taking shape. Digital trade continues to grow significantly. While this area of continued globalisation offers tremendous opportunities, many challenges also exist - particularly around digital standard setting and rule making. Some argue that this should take place at the WTO level, but if the WTO can’t do it, how do we get it fixed? And what other initiatives could be useful? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How will the midterm elections outcome impact the U.S. approach to trade? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Fred Hochberg, former Chairman and President of the Export-Import Bank of the United States Stormy-Annika Mildner, Executive Director, Aspen Institute Germany This podcast episode was recorded on 25 November 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Fred Hochberg (former Chairman and President of the Export-Import Bank of the United States) and Stormy-Annika Mildner (Executive Director, Aspen Institute Germany). Listen as they discuss the US Trade agenda after the U.S. midterm elections. For President Joe Biden, the midterms outcome was better than expected, with fewer losses in the House of Representatives than many anticipated and with the Democratic Party maintaining control of the U.S. Senate. How will this outcome impact President Biden’s approach to trade over the next two years, if at all? Amidst increased EU-US tensions, such as around the Inflation Reduction Act and the CHIPS and Science Act, will the U.S. return to the World Trade Organization as a constructive partner? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

The meeting of trade policy and climate policy. Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Inu Manak, Fellow for Trade Policy, Council on Foreign Relations Jennifer Hillman, Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law; Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown Law This podcast episode was recorded on 29 September 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Inu Manak(Fellow for Trade Policy, Council on Foreign Relations) and Jennifer Hillman (Professor, IIEL at Georgetown Law and Co-Director of The Center on Inclusive Trade and Development, Georgetown Law). This episode was recorded live at the WTO Public Forum in Geneva, with a conference theme of‘Towards a Sustainable and Inclusive Recovery: ambition to action. Listen as they discuss a central issue: how to use trade policy to meet the climate challenge. The meeting of trade and climate policy is a dynamic area of discussion. How can trade policy be used to lower emissions? How can the global emissions embedded in internationally tradedgoods be reduced? Without resorting to protectionism, how can carbon leakagebe addressed so industries that producegoods in a more sustainable way are not penalised? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How does international trade impact on women and gender equality? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Beata Javorcik, Chief Economist, EBRD Katrin Kuhlman, Visiting Professor, Georgetown IIEL This podcast episode was recorded on 7 September 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Beata Javorcik (Chief Economist, EBRD) and Katrin Kuhlman (Visiting Professor, Georgetown IIEL). Listen as they discuss the relationship between global trade and gender equality. Unlocking the economic potential of women is key to unlocking development and growth opportunities. But are opportunities created by international trade also opportunities for gender equality? What steps can be taken to ensure that international trade and globalisation empower women and what role can new technologies play? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How are medium powers impacted by the shifting global trading system? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panelists: Sam Lowe, Partner and Head of Trade and Market Access Practice, Flint Global Dr Taeho Bark, President, Lee & Ko Global Commerce Institute This podcast episode was recorded on 16 August 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Sam Lowe (Partner and Head of Trade and Market Access Practice, Flint Global) and Dr Taeho Bark (President, Lee & Ko Global Commerce Institute). Listen as they discuss what role can middle powers play in moving global trade forward. Earlier episodes have discussed the tremendous strain on the global trade system since the pandemic. With supply chains being reordered and national security concerns driving quasi-protectionist policies, there is a risk of the system fragmenting into a series of regulatory blocs. Where would that leave important trading powers that pursue independent trade policies but are invariably affected by the action of the major global players, the US, China and the EU? What role can these middle powers play in salvaging globalisation and renewing multilateralism? And how are they responding to the challenge, both individually and in collaboration with others? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

How is ESG impacting global trade relations? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Emily Rees, Senior Fellow at ECIPE and Managing Director at Trade Strategies Marie Kasperek, Executive Director of the Institute of International Economic Law (IIEL) at Georgetown University Law Vasuki Shastry, Associate Fellow, Asia-Pacific Programme, Chatham House This podcast episode was recorded on 17 June 2022 The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Emily Rees (Senior Fellow at ECIPE and Managing Director at Trade Strategies); Marie Kasperek (Executive Director of the Institute of International Economic Law (IIEL) at Georgetown University Law; and Vasuki Shastry (Associate Fellow, Asia-Pacific Programme, Chatham House). Listen as they discuss the normative side of trade: Free Trade Agreements (FTAs), Values and Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) criteria. ESG plays an increasingly important role in bilateral and multilateral trade agreements. As geopolitics continues to impact the global trade landscape, there is an increasing US and EU focus on developing a values-based trade agenda. How is the introduction of ESG criteria impacting global trade relations? And what role do values play in shaping contemporary trade ties? Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.

What are the objectives of the TTC and how can these be met? Moderator: Rem Korteweg, Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute Panellists: Elvire Fabry, Senior Research Fellow, Jacques Delors Institute Simon Lester, founder of Worldtradelaw.net Rupert Schlegelmilch, Acting Deputy Director-General, DG Trade, European Commission This podcast episode was recorded on 11 May 2022. The 2022 edition of the AIG Global Trade Series explores the competition and connectedness that characterise the current trade landscape. In this podcast, Rem Korteweg (Senior Research Fellow, Clingendael Institute) is joined by Elvire Fabry (Senior Research Fellow, Jacques Delors Institute); Simon Lester (founder of Worldtradelaw.net); and Rupert Schlegelmilch (Acting Deputy Director-General, DG Trade, European Commission). Listen as they reflect on the role and ambitions of the Transatlantic Trade and Technology Council (TTC). Following the Council’s second meeting in Paris, what results are to be expected, will the TTC resolve transatlantic trade disputes and how has the Council’s focus changed in response to the conflict in Ukraine? The experts also discuss how the TTC fits into broader US and European trade priorities, and how it measures up against other regional trade initiatives. Disclaimer: The views and opinions expressed in this podcast series are those of the speakers and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of American International Group, Inc. or its subsidiaries or affiliates (“AIG”). Any content provided by our speakers are of their opinion and are not intended to malign any religion, ethnic group, club, organization, company, individual or anyone or anything. AIG makes no representations as to accuracy, completeness, correctness, or validity of any information provided during this podcast series and will not be liable for any errors, omissions, or delays in this information or any losses injuries, or damages arising from its use.