The Science Pawdcast

Send us a text We explore the science behind HBO's "The Last of Us," investigating whether a fungal apocalypse could happen in real life and if a vaccine for fungal infections is possible. The Royal Tyrrell Museum's new "Breakthroughs" exhibit showcases five groundbreaking fossil discoveries that revolutionized our understanding of prehistoric life. Lastly we look at the cause of the orange color in orange cats! • Fungal infections like cordyceps jumping to humans is extremely unlikely, though climate change impacts fungal evolution • Scientists have no approved fungal vaccines available, with only four new antifungal drugs approved in the last decade • The Royal Tyrrell Museum in Alberta showcases world-class dinosaur specimens including Canada's best-preserved nodosaur • Five breakthrough fossils include a Mosasaurus with preserved cartilage, feathered Ornithomimus, and exceptionally preserved Borealopelta • Recent studies reveal orange cats share a single genetic mutation near the RH-GAP36 gene that originated 900 years ago • Female orange cats are rare because they need the mutation on both X chromosomes, while males only need one copy Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text We explore the cutting-edge science of extending dog lifespan through innovative drug development with Loyal founder and CEO Celine Halioua, who shares the company's groundbreaking approach to canine longevity and health. In Science News: • Cold water immersion after exercise shows no benefits for women despite its popularity among fitness influencers In Pet Science: • Brachycephalic dog and cat breeds now resemble each other more than their wild ancestors due to selective breeding Our Guest Speaks about: • Loyal's first drug mimics the longevity benefits of caloric restriction without reducing appetite • Large dog breeds age faster due to persistently high growth hormone levels that weren't naturally selected for • Loyal is conducting the largest animal health study ever with 1,300 dogs to test longevity interventions • The company hopes to bring their first longevity drug to market within a year • The goal is to add at least one healthier year to dogs' lives while improving quality of life during aging • Aging dogs develop many of the same diseases as aging humans, making them excellent models for longevity research Loyal: https://loyal.com/ Our links: Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text On this show we explore the contentious debate around fluoride in municipal water, the science behind pedigree cat adoptions, and innovative approaches to teaching science to non-science majors. • Examination of the fluoride controversy using Calgary, Alberta as a case study • Discussion of how fluoride strengthens tooth enamel and prevents acid damage • Review of research showing increased tooth decay rates in children after fluoride was removed from Calgary's water • Analysis of a study suggesting people with higher status sensitivity are less likely to adopt non-pedigree cats • Interview with Dr. Katie Burnette about cat genetics and why most calico cats are female • Exploration of X chromosome inactivation and how it creates unique coat patterns • Insight into developing engaging science curriculum for non-science majors • Discussion of a DNA-based project identifying fish fraud at restaurants • Personal pet stories including cats bringing "gifts" into the home Dr. Burnette's Links: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Katie-Burnette Our links: Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This week we look to deunk myths about rising autism rates and explain the genetic and environmental factors at play, while exploring the resurrection of dire wolves through genetic engineering and how puppy cognition predicts adult dog behavior. • CDC data shows autism diagnoses increased from 1 in 150 children in 2000 to 1 in 31 in 2022 • Approximately 80% of autism cases stem from inherited genetic variations with 200+ genes linked to early brain development • Better screening, diagnosis, and awareness accounts for much of the increase in autism rates • Scientists have genetically engineered puppies with dire wolf traits using DNA from ancient remains • The three pups—Romulus, Remus, and Khaleesi—received 20 gene edits targeting coat color, body size, and facial features • Study of 1,400+ puppies shows early cognitive traits persist into adulthood • Puppies good at following pointing gestures became more trainable adults, while those with better impulse control grew into calmer dogs • Understanding puppy cognition allows for customized training approaches that support lifelong well-being Some Links and Studies: https://www.sciencenews.org/article/autism-adhd-risk-not-linked-prenatal-exposure-antidepressants S. Gilman et al. Rare de novo variants associated with autism implicate a large functional network of genes involved in formation and function of synapses. Neuron, Vol. 70, June 9, 2011. DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.021 D. Levy et al. Rare De Novo and Transmitted Copy-Number Variation in Autistic Spectrum Disorders. Neuron, Vol. 70, June 9, 2011. DOI 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.015 Y. Sakai et al. Protein interactome reveals converging molecular pathways among autism disorders. Science Translational Medicine, Vol. 3, June 8, 2011. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3002166 Sanders et al. Multiple Recurrent De Novo CNVs, Including Duplications of the 7q11.23 Williams Syndrome Region, Are Strongly Associated with Autism. Neuron, Vol. 70, June 9, 2011. DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.015 C. Schaaf et al. Oligogenic heterozygosity in individuals with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder. Human Molecular Genetics. doi: 10.1093/hmg/ddr243. Available online: [Go to] C.P. Schaaf and H.Y. Zoghbi. Solving the autism puzzle a few pieces at a time. Neuron, Vol. 70, June 9, 2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.025 I. Voineagu et al. Transcriptomic analysis of autistic brain reveals convergent molecular pathology. Nature. doi: doi:10.1038/nature10110 Our links: Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text In this episode we explore potential signs of alien life on exoplanet K2-18b and discuss how pets impact our sleep quality, while special guest Dr. Sabina Vorah-Miller provides expert insights on vaccine misinformation and avian flu safety. • Bunsen's recovery from a UTI and continued mobility improvements • Recent James Webb Space Telescope findings detected dimethyl sulfide on exoplanet K2-18b • Why scientists remain cautiously optimistic but skeptical about alien life evidence • Study reveals pets in bed may not significantly impact sleep quality despite perception • Dogs in bed provide stronger feelings of comfort than cats or human partners And our guest: • Public health expert Sabina Vorau-Miller explains vaccine hesitancy origins and misconceptions • Current measles outbreaks and the importance of MMR vaccination • HPV vaccine success in preventing cervical cancer • Avian influenza (H5N1) spillover from birds to cattle and precautions for humans and pets • Safety tips: consume only pasteurized milk, thoroughly cook meat, keep pets away from wild birds Take care! Happy Easter if you celebrate! Sabina's Links: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/unambiguousscience/ Linktree Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text On this week's episode we dive deep into nature's most shocking survival strategy exploring how the Alamendro tree has evolved to harness lightning strikes as a competitive advantage. We also examine the fascinating results of fermenting miso in space and discuss the challenges and rewards of cat fostering programs. • Lightning-resistant Alamendro trees have 100% survival rate after strikes while 56% of neighboring trees die • These trees grow wider crowns that attract lightning, increasing strike probability by 68% and eliminating competition • Space-fermented miso develops a nuttier, more roasted flavor with unique bacteria not found in Earth samples • New Zealand study reveals cat fostering helps manage 37,000+ cats annually while providing both challenges and benefits to fosterers • Foster programs create community connections while offering flexible pet companionship without long-term commitment • Emotional attachments, sick animals, and space constraints present challenges for fosterers despite the rewarding experience Check out our website for the Bernoulli stuffy presale! Thank you to everyone who has supported us and to our top-tier patrons who help keep this podcast free. Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text On this week's show we dive into the hidden connections between shingles vaccines and decreased dementia risk, while exploring how humans often misinterpret their pets' emotions based on environmental context rather than actual animal behavior. Our guest, Dr. Yasmin Mohseni blows us away with the inner workings of the immune system. Some highlights: • Shingles vaccine study reveals a 20% reduction in dementia risk, particularly among women • The protective effect may be linked to how viral infections modify the immune system • Humans heavily rely on situational context rather than dogs' body language when assessing canine emotions • A study of 400 college students showed they couldn't distinguish dog emotions without environmental cues • Dr. Yasmin Mohseni explains why the immune system isn't a simple on/off switch that can be easily "boosted" • Immunotherapy approaches like CAR T-cell therapy are revolutionizing cancer treatment • Cancer cells create "fortress-like" defenses that engineered immune cells must overcome • Understanding your pet's actual body language rather than situational context can improve communication Dr. Yasmin's links: Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/doctor.yas_/ Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This week on The Science Pawdcast: • MIT researchers identified a 13-degree threshold in pedestrian movement patterns, below which people naturally form orderly lanes • Angular spread exceeding 13 degrees creates chaotic, inefficient pedestrian flow in public spaces • UC Berkeley engineers developed SALTO, a one-legged jumping robot inspired by squirrel biomechanics • SALTO can land on narrow perches by mimicking how squirrels absorb 86% of landing energy with their front legs • NASA is developing similar technology for exploring Saturn's moon with football-field length hops • Study of 685 families found pets provided significant emotional comfort to children during COVID-19 isolation • Children with rabbits, guinea pigs and birds showed higher attachment and comfort than those with cats or dogs • Girls demonstrated higher pet attachment and more positive treatment of animals than boys Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text From groundbreaking research on seal oxygen perception to heart-stopping surgical techniques, we explore medical frontiers that sound like science fiction but save lives daily with cardiothoracic anesthesiologist Dr. Ashley Gabrielsen. • Gray seals can perceive blood oxygen levels rather than CO2, allowing them to adjust dive durations accordingly • Therapy dogs in ERs significantly reduce pediatric anxiety – dropping scores almost twice as much as standard care alone Then an amazing chat with Dr. G! • During cardiac surgery, the heart can be completely stopped while a bypass machine takes over circulation • In extreme procedures, patients can be cooled to 20°C and circulation stopped briefly – being "clinically dead" before resuscitation • The brain lacks pain receptors, enabling awake brain surgeries where patients can play instruments during the procedure • Modern anesthesia techniques allow joint replacements with minimal medication and same-day mobility Dr. G's Instagram Handle @ashleesi306 https://www.instagram.com/ashleesi306/ Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text The Science Podcast explores cutting-edge taste technology that lets you experience flavors in virtual reality through chemical delivery to your tongue, along with updates on private lunar missions and the genetic basis of Labrador retrievers' food obsession. • New "eTaste" technology delivers five basic taste chemicals directly to users' tongues through a flexible conduit while in virtual reality • Device successfully simulated complex flavors like lemonade, cake, fried egg, fish soup, and coffee with 87% accuracy • Private lunar missions making history with Firefly Aerospace's Blue Ghost successfully landing on Mare Crisium • Intuitive Machines' Athena Lander tipped over in a crater but still collected valuable data • Researchers identified five genes linked to obesity in Labradors, most notably DENND1B which increases body fat by 8% • Labs with high obesity-risk genes showed stronger food-seeking behaviors • Strict feeding regimens by owners can maintain healthy weight even in genetically predisposed Labradors Support the Science Podcast on Patreon to keep it free and join our community of science enthusiasts. Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text Through groundbreaking prosthetic hand technology and controversial genetic engineering, this episode explores where science meets the ethical boundaries of what we can versus what we should do. • Revolutionary prosthetic hand from Johns Hopkins University combines rigid 3D-printed structures with soft polymers to mimic human capabilities • New prosthetics send sensory feedback (temperature, texture, slippage) directly to users through electrical nerve stimulation • "Woolly mice" genetically engineered with mammoth traits mark a controversial step toward de-extinction • Critics question whether de-extinction resources might better serve conservation of endangered species • Dr. Kevin Morgan shares Belfast's rich chemistry history and the science behind Irish spirits for St. Patrick's Day Sign up for our Paw Pack Plus community to join our Sunday live streams and access exclusive Bunsen, Beaker, Bernoulli, and Ginger content. Dr. Morgan's links: Twitter/X Our links! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text Energized by scientific discoveries about probiotics and ancient Mars, we share insights into pet health, including urgent safety tips for pet owners. Today brings stories of microbiology—with probiotic sugars—and pet news worth reflecting on. • Discussion on probiotics and sugar cravings • Key takeaways from the Mars studies revealing ancient water sources • Heartfelt pet care tips following a dog’s medical emergency • Insights on monitoring signs of intestinal distress in pets • Exploration of the connections between Mars’ past and life beyond Earth Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This week, we dive into the delightful world of our pets, sharing heartwarming anecdotes and touching on important behavioral topics. Join us as we celebrate the joy pets bring into our lives, share training insights, and engage with our listeners' experiences. • Highlights from Bernoulli's day at Waggles • The joy of sharing treats like puppuccinos • Discussing resource guarding behaviors with Beaker • Overcoming fears and encouraging training in pets • Engaging with listeners' pet stories and experiences • Pet challenges and humorous anecdotes from our week • Wrapping up with thoughts on pet companionship and joy Links to Support Us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This episode merges the light-hearted exploration of ear wiggling with insightful discussions on human-animal interactions and ethical considerations within archaeology. We discover how our ear muscles connect to hearing and how animal encounters, like at zoos, drive donations. The conversation also addresses the importance of repatriation in archaeology, encouraging listeners to reflect on the stories we tell and the voices we include. • Overview of ear wiggling and its evolutionary significance • Link between ear muscles and hearing capabilities • Study highlighting the influence of animals in zoo donation strategies • Guest interview with Rachel Paul on NAGPRA and the ethics of repatriation • Emphasis on the need for inclusive dialogues in scientific research Links to Support Us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This episode showcases the delightful chaos of pet ownership during winter, emphasizing stories about Bunsen, Beaker, Ginger, and Bernoulli. It highlights the joys and challenges pets bring to their lives, offers insights on pet care during harsh weather, and celebrates the strong sense of community among pet owners. Bunsen and Beaker Links to support us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website: www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text This episode highlights the urgency of planetary defense against a potentially threatening asteroid while also addressing the importance of educating children about responsible pet care and empathy towards animals. The discussion emphasizes two critical areas where science and compassion converge: the efforts to monitor and understand asteroid 2024 YR4 and the promising outcomes of the Animal Guardians intervention program for children at risk of animal harm. • Bunsen's health update emphasizing the emotional connection between pets and their owners • Current threat level of asteroid 2024 YR4 and NASA's response • Insights on the James Webb Space Telescope's role in asteroid research • Overview of the DART program for diverting asteroids • Discussion on child-animal harm and its implications • Key findings from the Animal Guardians program highlighting improvements in empathy and care • Importance of education in changing future behaviors toward animals • Closing thoughts on the responsibility of guardianship for both space and animals Links to Support Us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text Bunsen's recent battle with a herniated disc has brought our family a rollercoaster of emotions as we navigated medical diagnostics and treatment options. This episode is filled with heartfelt stories and advice from our community, emphasizing the importance of support in pet parenthood and the joy that pets bring into our lives. • Bunsen's concerning symptoms and initial vet visit • The emotional weight of the MRI day • Diagnosis of a herniated disc and treatment plan • Emphasis on rest and recovery methods for pets • Listener stories of triumph and tribulation in pet ownership • Importance of community support during tough times Bunsen and Beaker Links to support us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text The Science Podcast kicks off its seventh season by delving into the latest research on microplastics found in human brains and the stress experienced by puppy parents. The episode highlights key findings related to the accumulation of microplastics, potential health implications, and the factors that contribute to stress levels in new pet guardians, providing valuable insights and encouraging listeners to reflect on their experiences. • Discussion on rising microplastics in human brain tissue • Examination of microplastics’ impact on neurological health • Insights into the stress of puppy parenting • Factors contributing to lower and higher stress among pet owners • Interview with Dr. Sarah Kendrew on the JWST and exoplanet discovery • Personal anecdotes about hosting pets and the joys of animal companionship Dr. Sarah Kendrew's Links Website Profesional Website Bluesky Bunsen and Beaker Links to support us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text Pet Chat is a recording of our weekly live show. This episode combines heartfelt stories, veterinary insights, and fun anecdotes from our life with pets. We discuss everything from playdates and health decisions to navigating life with dogs and share the laughter and joy they bring. • Exciting stories about pet meet-ups • Discussion on surgical decisions for pets • The humor in post-surgery antics • Community sharing and listener experiences • Highlighting the joys and challenges of pet ownership Bunsen and Beaker Links to support us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd

Send us a text Get ready for a recap of the year with our science-loving pets: Bunsen, Beaker, Bernoulli, and the fabulous feline Ginger. With a vibrant community tuning in across various platforms, expect a delightful blend of trivia, personal stories, and maybe even a moose-related surprise or two. Our journey continues with the inspiring tale of Bernoulli, the Bernese Mountain Dog puppy, who’s already a level three obedience champion at just nine months. As the winter chill bites down in Alberta, witness the creativity and resilience of our furry friends, from Beaker’s snow pants escapades captivating social media to our frozen bubble experiments gaining media attention. We also share Bunsen’s health struggles and triumphs, reminding us of the ups and downs of pet parenthood and the heroic protective instincts of Beaker and the quirky costume antics of Bernoulli. But that's not all! Dive into a treasure trove of stories ranging from nostalgic pandemic reflections with Marvel-inspired cosplay to intriguing goals for 2025, focusing on content creation and community engagement. Whether it's planning heartwarming holiday festivities with our pets or embracing the unpredictability of daily life (and sometimes technology), this episode promises a heartfelt celebration of pets and the joy they bring into our lives. So, grab your favorite beverage, cuddle up with your pet, and join us for a truly memorable episode of Pet Chat. Bunsen and Beaker Links to support us! Join the Paw Pack! Our Website! www.bunsenbernerbmd.com Sign up for our Weekly Newsletter! Bunsen and Beaker on Twitter: Bunsen and Beaker on TikTok Support the show For Science, Empathy, and Cuteness! Being Kind is a Superpower. https://twitter.com/bunsenbernerbmd