Once Upon Another Time

The season finale of Once Upon Another Time! Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Y2Killer! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And...learn what's next for the podcast! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) https://www.forbes.com/sites/frederickallen/2020/12/29/apocalypse-then-when-y2k-didnt-lead-to-the-end-of-civilization/?sh=729e4c54475chttps://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-12/27/069r-122799-idx.htmlhttps://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/07/biztech/articles/21y2k.htmlhttps://www.wsj.com/articles/SB921458706567843191

Y2K: it ended up being just another year. But there was a real fear that major computer systems would break down - and they may have had programmers not spent a decade trying to remedy the problem. Today on the penultimate episode of the season we ask the question “What if Y2K was as bad as many predicted?” Cody suggests that we don’t have to imagine; another Y2K-esque event is coming in the next 20 years. Colin is one of the many who believes it was way overblown from the beginning. Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) https://www.forbes.com/sites/frederickallen/2020/12/29/apocalypse-then-when-y2k-didnt-lead-to-the-end-of-civilization/?sh=729e4c54475chttps://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/WPcap/1999-12/27/069r-122799-idx.htmlhttps://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/library/tech/99/07/biztech/articles/21y2k.htmlhttps://www.wsj.com/articles/SB921458706567843191

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Gold Plated Balls of Steel! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Brodie, F. (1945). No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith. Alfred Knopf. Quinn, D. Michael. “The Mormon Succession Crisis of 1844.” Brigham Young University 16, no. 2 Quinn, D. Michael. The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power. Salt lake city: Signature Books, 1994.

Book of Mormon interpreter/writer and U.S. presidential candidate Joseph Smith fulfilled a great many roles in his life. Many of those roles really ticked off the locals, which is why he was shot to death while jumping out of a second-story window. But what would have been had Joseph Smith survived this encounter? Colin prophesies that Joseph Smith would fulfill the destiny laid out for him in the Book of Mormon. Cody suggests that the many denominations of the Mormon church would not have engaged in Game-of-Thrones-esque battles. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/moro/10?lang=eng https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/eight?lang=eng https://www.churchofjesuschrist.org/study/scriptures/bofm/4-ne/1?lang=eng Brodie, F. (1945). No Man Knows My History: The Life of Joseph Smith. Alfred Knopf. Quinn, D. Michael. “The Mormon Succession Crisis of 1844.” Brigham Young University 16, no. 2 Quinn, D. Michael. The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power. Salt lake city: Signature Books, 1994.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Juan Ponce Lives On! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Turner, Samuel. “Juan Ponce De León and the Discovery of Florida Reconsidered.” The Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. 92, no. 1, 2013, pp. 1–31. JSTOR. Accessed 27 Feb. 2021.

If there was one explorer we definitely know was not looking for the Fountain of Youth, it was Juan Ponce de Leon. And yet, his name and life have been attached to the myth forever because another guy wanted everyone to believe Ponce de Leon had broken...bits...that needed fixing. Never ones to set the record straight, our team asks the question, “What if Juan Ponce de Leon actually did find the Fountain of Youth, but didn’t tell anybody until 2021?” Cody dives into the mysteries of the Fountain. Alex thinks healing everyone spells doom for humanity. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) Turner, Samuel. “Juan Ponce De León and the Discovery of Florida Reconsidered.” The Florida Historical Quarterly, vol. 92, no. 1, 2013, pp. 1–31. JSTOR. Accessed 27 Feb. 2021.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Rasputin! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And for the first time, you'll get to hear from our esteemed editor! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Smith, Douglas. Rasputin: Faith, Power, and the Twilight of the Romanovs. New York, NY: Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017. Hourly History. Grigori Rasputin: A Life From Beginning to End, 2017. Benjamin Jones and Benjamin Olken. Hit or Miss? The Effect of Assassinations on Institutions and War. National Bureau of Economic Research. 2007. Orlando Figes, A People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891-1924 (1996), pp. 32-33, 277-278. Knoll JL 4th. The "pseudocommando" mass murderer: part I, the psychology of revenge and obliteration. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2010;38(1):87-94. Robert Morton et. al. "Serial Murder". FBI.gov. 2021.

Rasputin: unkillable mystic and possible Jesus incarnate pulling the strings of the Russian oligarchy, or sex-crazed maniac whose outrageous behavior helped lead to the downfall of tsarist rule in Russia? Why not both! Find out on this episode where we ask the question, “What if Rasputin survived his last assassination attempt?” Colin kills it with his talk on the historical influence of assassins. Alex preaches the Book of Rasputin - a new religious movement following the holy man himself. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Music: Ой, Mороз, Mороз! (Oy, Moroz, Moroz!) 1812 Overture - Tchaikovsky Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) Smith, Douglas. Rasputin: Faith, Power, and the Twilight of the Romanovs. New York, NY: Picador / Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2017. Hourly History. Grigori Rasputin: A Life From Beginning to End, 2017. Benjamin Jones and Benjamin Olken. Hit or Miss? The Effect of Assassinations on Institutions and War. National Bureau of Economic Research. 2007. Orlando Figes, A People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution 1891-1924 (1996), pp. 32-33, 277-278. Knoll JL 4th. The "pseudocommando" mass murderer: part I, the psychology of revenge and obliteration. J Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 2010;38(1):87-94. Robert Morton et. al. "Serial Murder". FBI.gov. 2021.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Family Feudalism! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Reynolds, Susan. Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reinterpreted. Clarendon Press, 1996. Reeno, Rick. “The Dangers of Bingo.” The Dangers of Bingo - Casino-Gambling. Accessed January 19, 2021. “History of Feudalism.” History World. Accessed January 19, 2021.. Wheeler, Heather Y. “Kings and Queens of England, British Monarchy.” Totally Timelines, September 19, 2020. Magazine issue 1846. “Vatican Admits Galileo Was Right.” New Scientist, November 7, 1992.

Hark, thee distemperate addlepots! The present day's episode is setteth in the Middle Ages. Our team of fatuous historians taketh on the sore task of feudalism: lords and vassals and fiefs; oh mine own! On today’s episode, we ask the question, “What if royal succession in European feudalism was based on trivia knowledge instead of heredity?” Cody gives us some violent history of trivia. Alex tells the tale of Charlemagne, the Frankish king with a penchant for Latin education. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) Reynolds, Susan. Fiefs and Vassals: The Medieval Evidence Reinterpreted. Clarendon Press, 1996. Reeno, Rick. “The Dangers of Bingo.” The Dangers of Bingo - Casino-Gambling. Accessed January 19, 2021. “History of Feudalism.” History World. Accessed January 19, 2021.. Wheeler, Heather Y. “Kings and Queens of England, British Monarchy.” Totally Timelines, September 19, 2020. Magazine issue 1846. “Vatican Admits Galileo Was Right.” New Scientist, November 7, 1992.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Condiment Counteroffensive! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Survey of the Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite. “History and Analysis of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Research Programs in the United States.” Veterans at Risk: The Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite. U.S. National Library of Medicine, January 1, 1993. “Germans Introduce Poison Gas.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, February 9, 2010. Fitzgerald, Gerard J. “Chemical Warfare and Medical Response during World War I.” American journal of public health. American Public Health Association, April 2008. Visions, New. “For the Jewish Chemist Who Invented Chemical Weapons, the Consequences Were Dire.” Medium. Timeline, February 8, 2018. Barach, Paul. “The Tragedy of Fritz Haber: The Monster Who Fed The World.” Medium. Mission.org, November 13, 2016. Man, Rosamond, and Robin Weir. The Mustard Book. Constable And Company Limited, 2010. John Simkin. "Trench Food". Spartacus-Educational.com. 1997. Richardt, Andre (2013), CBRN Protection: Managing the Threat of Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear Weapons, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co., p. 4 Skrzypiec, Marcin. “Does Mustard Go Bad?” Does It Go Bad?, November 8, 2019. Toledonews. “Slippery When Wet.” The Blade, April 23, 2018. “The Dogs of War: The U.S. Army's Use of Canines in WWII.” The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army. Accessed January 19, 2021.

Ypres, 1917. The men are in the trenches. They write letters home to loved ones because they know what’s coming; mustard gas. Only it’s not a gas, it’s a paste, a condiment! All is fair in love and war, and in this war, things are getting tasty. What if instead of a deadly gas, the Germans just dropped literal mustard on Allied forces? Colin manages to squeeze out some facts on mustard. Later, who lets the dogs out? The Allied forces, and Cody. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on the Survey of the Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite. “History and Analysis of Mustard Agent and Lewisite Research Programs in the United States.” Veterans at Risk: The Health Effects of Mustard Gas and Lewisite. U.S. National Library of Medicine, January 1, 1993. “Germans Introduce Poison Gas.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, February 9, 2010. Fitzgerald, Gerard J. “Chemical Warfare and Medical Response during World War I.” American journal of public health. American Public Health Association, April 2008. Visions, New. “For the Jewish Chemist Who Invented Chemical Weapons, the Consequences Were Dire.” Medium. Timeline, February 8, 2018. Barach, Paul. “The Tragedy of Fritz Haber: The Monster Who Fed The World.” Medium. Mission.org, November 13, 2016. Man, Rosamond, and Robin Weir. The Mustard Book. Constable And Company Limited, 2010. John Simkin. "Trench Food". Spartacus-Educational.com. 1997. Richardt, Andre (2013), CBRN Protection: Managing the Threat of Chemical, Biological, Radioactive and Nuclear Weapons, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag & Co., p. 4 Skrzypiec, Marcin. “Does Mustard Go Bad?” Does It Go Bad?, November 8, 2019. Toledonews. “Slippery When Wet.” The Blade, April 23, 2018. “The Dogs of War: The U.S. Army's Use of Canines in WWII.” The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army. Accessed January 19, 2021.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Leonardo da Sneezy! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) Phillips, Cynthia, and Shana Priwer. The Everything Da Vinci Book. Adams Media, 2006. Clayton, Martin, and Ronald Philo. Leonardo Da Vinci: Anatomist. Royal Collection Publications, 2012. “Catholic Church secretly plotting to build Mecha Pope, anonymous source reveals.” NPC Daily, 2020. “Art and Assassintation: The Pazzi Conspiracy and the Frescoes of Benozzo Gozzoli.” Chris Dobson, 2020. “Popes, Power, and Unrestrained Lust.” Delancey Place, 2018. DeSilva, Jennifer. (2019). Princely Patronage on Display: The Case of Cardinal Pietro Riario and Pope Sixtus IV, 1471–1474. Royal Studies Journal. “Leonardo Da Vinci’s Weapons Of War” Steemit, 2017. “Inquisition.” History.com, 2017. “Art Impact.” Leonardo Da Vinci. Accessed November 9, 2020. “Adolf Hitler Paintings of 'No Artistic Value' on Sale in Berlin.” BBC News. BBC, January 24, 2019. Finnan, Vincent. “Da Vinci Weapons of War.” Italian Renaissance Art.com, 2008. King, Ross. Leonardo and the Last Supper. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014. Alberge, Dayla. “Have Art Restorers Ruined Leonardo's Masterpiece?” The Independent. Independent Digital News and Media, March 14, 2012. Staff, NPR. “The Theft That Made The 'Mona Lisa' A Masterpiece.” NPR. NPR, July 30, 2011.

You know him. We know him. He’s the literal Renaissance Man. But how would our world be different if Leonardo da Vinci was allergic to paint? Cody poo-poos da Vinci’s legacy. Alex goes off the deep end in this one - crossbow machine guns, pagan rituals, and the Mecha Pope. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Music: A Cruel Angel’s Thesis (Neon Genesis Evangelion Intro) by Yoko Takahashi Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) Phillips, Cynthia, and Shana Priwer. The Everything Da Vinci Book. Adams Media, 2006. Clayton, Martin, and Ronald Philo. Leonardo Da Vinci: Anatomist. Royal Collection Publications, 2012. “Catholic Church secretly plotting to build Mecha Pope, anonymous source reveals.” NPC Daily, 2020. “Art and Assassintation: The Pazzi Conspiracy and the Frescoes of Benozzo Gozzoli.” Chris Dobson, 2020. “Popes, Power, and Unrestrained Lust.” Delancey Place, 2018. DeSilva, Jennifer. (2019). Princely Patronage on Display: The Case of Cardinal Pietro Riario and Pope Sixtus IV, 1471–1474. Royal Studies Journal. “Leonardo Da Vinci’s Weapons Of War” Steemit, 2017. “Inquisition.” History.com, 2017. “Art Impact.” Leonardo Da Vinci. Accessed November 9, 2020. “Adolf Hitler Paintings of 'No Artistic Value' on Sale in Berlin.” BBC News. BBC, January 24, 2019. Finnan, Vincent. “Da Vinci Weapons of War.” Italian Renaissance Art.com, 2008. King, Ross. Leonardo and the Last Supper. London: Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014. Alberge, Dayla. “Have Art Restorers Ruined Leonardo's Masterpiece?” The Independent. Independent Digital News and Media, March 14, 2012. Staff, NPR. “The Theft That Made The 'Mona Lisa' A Masterpiece.” NPR. NPR, July 30, 2011.

Alex, Cody, and Colin reflect on and wrap up Jack the Tipper! Find out the things they said that may have been wrong and, most importantly, who won the debate! And who knows...you may even get a sneak peek at next week’s episode! Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Editing by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smitch, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources: (Blame us for the whoopsies, not our sources. Our sources are great.) “Whitechapel: Anglophenia.” BBC America. Accessed January 14, 2021. Gray, Drew D. London's Shadows: the Dark Side of the Victorian City. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. Jones, G. (2013),'Murder, Media and Mythology: The Impact the Media's Reporting of the Whitechapel Murders had on National Identity, Social Reform and the Myth of Jack the Ripper,' Reinvention: an International Journal of Undergraduate Research, BCUR/ICUR 2013 Special Issue. Murray, Elizabeth. “The History of Forensic Science: Identifying Jack the Ripper.” The Great Courses Daily. Forensic History - Crimes, Frauds, and Scandals, December 1, 2017. Matt, Morris. “10 People Who Did Terrible Things for Good Reasons.” Toptenz.net, March 9, 2016. The Dark Knight. United States: Warner Brothers, 2008. Moore, David, and Douglas Rutzen. “Legal Framework for Global Philanthropy: Barriers and Opportunities.” The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law, vol. 13, no. 1-2, Apr. 2011. “Results of an Original 2015 National Poll.” Philanthropy Roundtable, 2019. “Social Spending.” OECD, 2020. Sullivan, Paul. “In Philanthropy, Race Is Still a Factor in Who Gets What, Study Shows.” The New York Times, 1 May 2020. Dorsey, Cheryl, et al. “Racial Equality and Philanthropy: Disparities in Funding for Leaders of Color Leave Impact on the Table.” The Bridgespan Group, May 2020.

Whitechapel, a town wreaking of sin and poverty, suffered under the weight of five gruesome murders at the end of 1888. One man rose from the darkness to save Whitechapel from the pits of despair with his fistfuls of cash: good-old Jack the Tipper. Today we ask, “What if Jack the Ripper, instead of committing a series of murders in Whitechapel, turned his attention towards philanthropy?” Cody discusses social reform in Whitechapel after the murders. Colin dishes on the dark side of philanthropy. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Edited by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Music courtesy of Maurice “YoungBlaze” Clopton Show Sources: (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.) “Whitechapel: Anglophenia.” BBC America. Accessed January 14, 2021. Gray, Drew D. London's Shadows: the Dark Side of the Victorian City. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. Jones, G. (2013),'Murder, Media and Mythology: The Impact the Media's Reporting of the Whitechapel Murders had on National Identity, Social Reform and the Myth of Jack the Ripper,' Reinvention: an International Journal of Undergraduate Research, BCUR/ICUR 2013 Special Issue. Murray, Elizabeth. “The History of Forensic Science: Identifying Jack the Ripper.” The Great Courses Daily. Forensic History - Crimes, Frauds, and Scandals, December 1, 2017. Matt, Morris. “10 People Who Did Terrible Things for Good Reasons.” Toptenz.net, March 9, 2016. The Dark Knight. United States: Warner Brothers, 2008. Moore, David, and Douglas Rutzen. “Legal Framework for Global Philanthropy: Barriers and Opportunities.” The International Journal of Not-for-Profit Law, vol. 13, no. 1-2, Apr. 2011. “Results of an Original 2015 National Poll.” Philanthropy Roundtable, 2019. “Social Spending.” OECD, 2020, www.oecd.org/socialexp/social-spending.htm. Sullivan, Paul. “In Philanthropy, Race Is Still a Factor in Who Gets What, Study Shows.” The New York Times, 1 May 2020. Dorsey, Cheryl, et al. “Racial Equality and Philanthropy: Disparities in Funding for Leaders of Color Leave Impact on the Table.” The Bridgespan Group, May 2020.

What if cane fighting remained as the way to settle disputes in the Senate, instead of the filibuster? Politicians in the U.S. used to squash their beefs by smacking each other in the head with canes. Gold-tipped canes. The filibuster replaced the practice in the Senate, and reasoned discourse continues within the hallowed Senate chambers to this day… Alex shows us the dangers of honor culture. Colin rambles about the failure of the filibuster across time. Sorry about the audio quality in this one! It doesn't reflect the sound of the rest of our episodes. Our hosts really blew it on this one. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Edited by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.): Hoffer, William James H. The Caning of Charles Sumner: Honor, Idealism, and the Origins of the Civil War. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2010. “The Caning of Senator Charles Sumner.” U.S. Senate: The Caning of Senator Charles Sumner, May 4, 2020. “Canefight! Preston Brooks and Charles Sumner.” ushistory.org. Independence Hall Association. Accessed November 9, 2020. Little, Becky. “Violence in Congress Before the Civil War: From Canings and Stabbings to Murder.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, July 24, 2019. Fisk, Catherine, and Erwin Chemerinksy. “The Filibuster.” Stanford Law Review 49 (1997): 181–254. McKay, Brett & Kate. “Manly Honor Part V: Honor in the American South.” The Art of Manliness, September 26, 2020. Bilefsky, Dan. “Sworn to Virginity and Living as Men in Albania.” The New York Times. The New York Times, June 23, 2008. Mann, Thomas E., and Norman J. Ornstein. “Finding the Common Good in an Era of Dysfunctional Governance.” Daedalus, vol. 142, no. 2, 2013, pp. 15–24. JSTOR. Coudert, Allison. “Judicial Duels Between Husbands And Wives.” Notes in the History of Art, vol. 4, no. 4, 1985, pp. 27–30. JSTOR. Kane, Paul. “Reid, Democrats trigger ‘nuclear’ option; eliminate most filibusters on nominees”. Washington Post. Nov. 21, 2013. Bryan, William Jennings, and Francis W. Halsey. The World's Famous Orations. II, Funk and Wagnalls Co., 1906. Little, Becky. “How Rome Destroyed Its Own Republic”. History.com.

In 1773, angry colonists protested British taxes by throwing over 300 crates of tea overboard. But what if the British decided to tax something more American, like apple pie? Nothin' more American than that. And while we're at it, why not learn a little bit more! Cody tells us why apples came to be an important American symbol. Alex discusses the fight between tea and coffee. Want to join the OUAT community? Have an idea for a change in history? Join our Facebook page! Edited by Hannah Burkhardt Hosted by Alex Smith, Cody Sharp, and Colin Sharp. Milktoast Media LLC Show Sources (Fact check us! Heard something wrong? Let us know.): Lapsanksy-Werner, Emma J. et al.,“The American Revolution.” United States History, Pearson, 2016, pp. 76–91. Tyler, John W. “‘Such Ruins Were Never Seen in America’: The Looting of Thomas Hutchinson’s House at the Time of the Stamp Act Riots.” Colonial Society of Massachusetts, vol. 88, no. 8, 2017, pp. 150–164. Workman, Daniel. “Apples Exports by Country.” World's Top Exports, November 7, 2020. Nelson, Jennifer. “Doctors For Patients Without Insurance.” PlushCare, June 30, 2020. Department, Published by Statista Research, and Jan 31. “How Much Do Apples Cost in the U.S.?” Statista, January 31, 2020. Hohn, Donovan. “Everybody Hates Henry.” The New Republic, October 21, 2015. Green, Martin. “The Immigration Debate-from the 1920s.” ZETEO, June 13, 2019. Kerrigan, William. “The Invention of Johnny Appleseed.” The Antioch Review 70, no. 4 (2012): 608–25. Petrick, Gabriella. “Why Americans Love Their Apple Pie.” Smithsonian.com. Smithsonian Institution, September 1, 2019. “MHS Collections Online.” MHS Collections Online: The Boston-Gazette, and Country Journal. Accessed January 14, 2021. “Founders Online: John Adams to Abigail Adams, 6 July 1774.” National Archives and Records Administration. National Archives and Records Administration. Accessed January 14, 2021. “The Brew of American Independence: Tea and Coffee after the Revolution.” Winterthur Museum & Library Blog, August 11, 2017.