SpaceTime with Stuart Gary

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 07 Dark Matter's Role in Milky Way's Stellar Streams New research suggests that dark matter may have influenced the formation of the GD-1 stellar stream in the Milky Way. A study in the Astrophysical Journal Letters proposes that a core-collapsing, self-interacting dark matter subhalo could explain the unusual spur and gap features observed in the stream. This finding could deepen our understanding of dark matter's properties and its influence on the universe. Sun's Triple Solar Flare Eruption The Sun has unleashed three significant X-class solar flares in a single day, with the first and third being X1.1 flares and the second an X1.5. These powerful eruptions, detected by NOAA's Solar Ultraviolet Imager, are part of the Sun's approach to solar maximum, the peak of its 11-year solar cycle. Solar flares can disrupt Earth's communications, power grids, and pose health risks to astronauts. Quadrantids Meteor Shower Spectacle The Earth is experiencing the Quadrantids meteor shower, offering a dazzling display of shooting stars. Originating from the near-Earth asteroid 2003 EH1, the Quadrantids are best viewed from dark locations, with peak sightings expected in the Pacific region. Sky watchers can anticipate around 50 meteors per hour, with potential fireballs enhancing the spectacle. 00:00 This is space time series 28 episode 7 for broadcast on 15 January 2025 00:46 New research proposes a self interacting dark matter subhalo could explain GD1 features 04:24 The sun unleashed three significant X class solar flares on the same day 07:19 Earth is experiencing one of its most spectacular meteor showers, the Quadrantids 14:31 A quarter of the world's freshwater animals are at risk of extinction 16:43 Facebook boss Mark Zuckerberg admits that his fact checkers are dishonest 20:28 CES has wrapped up in Las Vegas with lots of interesting gadgets www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References University of California, Riverside [ucr.edu](https://www.ucr.edu/) Astrophysical Journal Letters [iopscience.iop.org/journal/ 8205](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205) 3--- National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) [noaa.gov](https://www.noaa.gov/) Royal Astronomical Society [ras.ac.uk](https://www.ras.ac.uk/) Journal of Nature [nature.com](https://www.nature.com/) Journal of the American Medical Association [jamanetwork.com](https://jamanetwork.com/) Facebook [facebook.com](https://www.facebook.com/) Babylon Bee [babylonbee.com](https://babylonbee.com/) Tech Advice Stuart Life [techadvice.com](https://www.techadvice.com/) Space Time with Stuart Gary [spacetimewithstuartgary.com](https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 06 Formation of Pluto-Charon Binary System A new study reveals that the formation of the Pluto-Charon dwarf planet binary system may mirror that of the Earth-Moon system. The research, published in Nature Geoscience, suggests that both systems feature a secondary body significantly large in comparison to the primary, unlike other moons in our solar system. The findings could explain Pluto's active geology and potential subsurface ocean, highlighting the significance of giant impacts in shaping planetary bodies. BepiColombo's Final Mercury Flyby The BepiColombo spacecraft has completed its final close flyby of Mercury, passing just 295 kilometres above the planet's surface. This manoeuvre marks the last gravity assist required for the joint ESA and JAXA mission before it enters Mercury's orbit in late 2026. The mission aims to study Mercury's magnetic field, surface composition, and interaction with the solar wind, enhancing our understanding of planets close to their host stars. Astronomy Highlights for 2025 2025 promises exciting astronomical events, with the Sun's solar cycle nearing its peak. Highlights include a rare edge-on view of Saturn's rings, potential brightening of comet G3 Atlas, and two lunar eclipses. The year also features significant planetary alignments, meteor showers, and opportunities to observe the Southern Cross and the centre of the Milky Way. Dr. Nick Glom provides insights into these celestial events and more. 00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 6 for broadcast on 13 January 2025 00:27 A new study suggests the formation of the Pluto Charon dwarf planet binary system 04:35 BepiColombo spacecraft makes its final flyby of Mercury 09:27 This is space time. We take a look at the year ahead in astronomy 10:47 Mid January will be a very interesting time to look at the night sky 13:05 There are two big highlights in March with the eclipse of the moon and Saturn 13:46 The other big event of course is the crossing of the rings of Saturn 17:03 The Southern Cross is well positioned during the month of June 18:38 Venus and Jupiter are the two brightest planets in the night sky 19:16 Also in August, it's a great time to have a look at Sagittarius 20:35 Total eclipse of the Moon occurs when Moon moves into Earth's shadow 23:06 The Australasian Sky Guide has just released its 30th edition 25:05 World Meteorological Organisation confirms that 2024 was the warmest year on record 29:34 It's claimed that two allegedly Celtic heads could turn you into a werewolf www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References University of Arizona [https://www.arizona.edu](https://www.arizona.edu) Nature Geoscience [https://www.nature.com/ngeo/](https://www.nature.com/ngeo/) European Space Agency (ESA) [https://www.esa.int](https://www.esa.int) Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) [https://global.jaxa.jp/](https://global.jaxa.jp/) Ariane 5 rocket [https://www.arianespace.com/vehicle/ariane-5/](https://www.arianespace.com/vehicle/ariane-5/) Kourou Spaceport [https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Spaceport](https://www.esa.int/Enabling_Support/Space_Transportation/Spaceport) Australasian Sky Guide [https://www.powerhouse.com.au/publication/australasian-sky-guide/](https://www.powerhouse.com.au/publication/australasian-sky-guide/) Powerhouse Museum [https://www.maas.museum/powerhouse-museum/](https://www.maas.museum/powerhouse-museum/) European Heart...

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 05 Volcanic Activity on Mars New research suggests recent volcanic activity on Mars, with eruptions possibly occurring within the last 50,000 years. This discovery, based on satellite observations, highlights a mysterious dark deposit in Elysium Planitia, indicating explosive volcanism. The findings could mean Mars is still volcanically active, raising possibilities of habitable conditions due to interactions between magma and icy substrates. Mysteries of Supernova 1987A Astronomers using the Murchison Wide Field Array have been delving into the enigmatic Supernova 1987A. The supernova, marking the death of a blue supergiant star, offers insights into stellar evolution. The peculiar hourglass shape and the unexpected blue supergiant phase of the progenitor star continue to puzzle scientists. Dream Chaser Space Plane Launch Delayed The inaugural flight of the Dream Chaser space plane, Tenacity, is now scheduled for May. The spacecraft will carry supplies to the International Space Station, showcasing its capabilities. Sierra Space plans to use Dream Chaser for future missions, including building an orbiting habitat. 00:00 New study claims there's evidence for recent volcanic activity on Mars 05:34 Low frequency radio observations have provided a window into SN 1987A's past life 13:30 The long awaited inaugural flight of Sierra Space's Dream Chaser space plane is now expected 18:52 Canadian scientists compared prevalence and risk of mental disorders between trans and gender diverse people 21:07 Phoenix, Arizona named as America's top location for UFO sightings www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 04 Challenging the Existence of Dark Energy A groundbreaking study from the University of Canterbury in New Zealand is challenging the long-held belief in dark energy, suggesting that the universe's expansion might not require this enigmatic force. The research proposes the "timescape" model, which accounts for variations in cosmic expansion rates by considering differences in gravitational time dilation. This model could potentially resolve some of the universe's biggest mysteries, including the Hubble tension, by suggesting that dark energy is simply a misinterpretation of cosmic conditions. Solar Wind Slowing Beyond Pluto NASA's New Horizons spacecraft has detected a slowdown in the solar wind as it travels beyond Pluto. The data reveals that the solar wind, a stream of charged particles from the Sun, decelerates as it picks up interstellar material. This discovery offers new insights into the heliosphere's outer reaches and the interaction between solar and interstellar forces. Venus's Volcanic Past New research indicates that Venus's ancient tesserae regions, once thought to be akin to Earth's continental crust, may actually be composed of layered volcanic rocks. This finding, based on radar data from NASA's Magellan mission, challenges previous assumptions and provides fresh perspectives on Venus's geological history. 00:00 New observations show the solar wind slowing down beyond Pluto 00:27 New study claims dark energy doesn't explain accelerating universe 11:27 If the universe has an energy field of the right kind, expansion can accelerate 18:22 Some tesserae on Venus have layering consistent with volcanic activity 21:07 Scientists have identified a new genetic link to autism spectrum disorder 23:51 LG will release a fridge with a transparent OLED door 24:58 The flip phone turns 29 on January 3rd, 1996 26:28 Microsoft have announced their own version of Apple's Mac Mini 27:31 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letters [https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl](https://academic.oup.com/mnrasl) Astrophysical Journal [https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/) Journal Geology [https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology](https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 03 Parker Solar Probe's Historic Journey NASA's Parker Solar Probe has made history by becoming the fastest man-made object, surviving a record-breaking close approach to the Sun's surface. The probe, travelling at an unprecedented speed of 155,520 kilometres per hour, flew just 6.1 million kilometres above the Sun, providing invaluable data to help scientists understand the Sun's impacts on the solar system, including Earth. This mission marks a significant achievement in space exploration, shedding light on the Sun's mysterious processes and aiding in the search for habitable worlds beyond our planet. Mystery of Ultra Luminous X-Ray Sources Astronomers have detected unusual flaring activity in an ultra luminous X-ray source, challenging our understanding of these enigmatic cosmic phenomena. Observations reveal flux variations by up to a factor of six over a few hours, offering new insights into the nature of these powerful sources, which could be linked to feeding supermassive black holes or intermediate mass black holes. Solar Cycle and La Niña Connection A new study suggests a possible link between the Sun's 11-year solar cycle and Earth's La Niña weather patterns. The findings indicate that solar variability may drive seasonal weather changes, potentially improving predictions of major climatic events like El Niño and La Niña, which have significant impacts on global weather patterns. January Skywatch 00:00 Stuart Gary talks about NASA's Parker Solar Probe and more 00:39 NASA's Parker Solar Probe survived its close approach to the sun on December 24 05:19 NASA's Parker Solar Probe is 3.8 million miles from the sun 10:52 Astronomers studying an ultra luminous X ray source have detected strange flaring activity 13:12 Solar variability may be driving seasonal weather variability here on Earth 17:19 New study suggests eating more fruits and vegetables could help reduce depression 19:35 A much anticipated United States Congressional hearing on UFOs turned out to be flop 25:23 A new paper claims that one of the biggest mysteries in science doesn't actually exist 35:55 If the universe has an energy field of the right kind, expansion can accelerate 42:59 New findings could provide fresh insights into the enigmatic planet's geological history 45:50 Scientists have identified a new genetic link to autism spectrum disorder 48:29 LG will release a fridge with a transparent OLED door 49:35 Nintendo has announced that it will launch its Nintendo Switch by March 31st 51:06 Microsoft have announced their own version of Apple's Mac Mini with ARM chips 52:25 A new study claims there's evidence for recent volcanic activity on Mars 56:11 Astronomers using radio telescope in Western Australia study supernova 1987A 01:04:08 What exactly caused 87A to go to a blue super giant phase 01:05:12 The long awaited inaugural flight of Sierra Space's Dream Chaser space plane is now expected 01:10:34 Canadian scientists compared prevalence and risk of mental disorders between trans and gender diverse people 01:12:49 Phoenix, Arizona named as America's top location for UFO sightings www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References NASA Parker Solar Probe [NASA Parker Solar Probe](https://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/parker-solar-probe) Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory [Johns Hopkins APL](https://www.jhuapl.edu/) XMM-Newton Space Telescope [XMM-Newton](https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/xmm-newton) NuStar...

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 02 Liquid Water on Mars: A Mirage? A new study casts doubt on the existence of liquid water on Mars, challenging previous assumptions about recurring slope lineae and the potential for brine pools. Researchers argue that the Martian environment's low temperature and pressure make it unlikely for liquid water to exist, even in the form of salty brines. The findings question the habitability of the Red Planet by Earth standards. New Asteroids Discovered NASA's Webb Space Telescope has identified a new population of small main belt asteroids between Mars and Jupiter. These 138 newly discovered celestial bodies range in size from a bus to a football stadium, offering insights into asteroid formation and the potential risks of asteroid impacts on Earth. Australia's Lunar Rover Project Advances Australia's first Lunar Rover project is moving forward with the development of prototype rovers and essential technology to tackle lunar dust challenges. Supported by the Australian Space Agency, this $42 million initiative aims to enhance Australia's role in lunar exploration. January Skywatch 00:00 New study claims we're unlikely to ever find liquid water on Mars 04:50 NASA's Webb Space Telescope has discovered 138 new asteroids in the main asteroid belt 07:53 January marks Earth's closest orbital position to the sun perihelion 09:59 Sirius is the fifth closest star to the sun and it's gradually moving closer 16:37 Looking due north just above the horizon this time of year you'll see Capella 22:28 January also plays host to one primary meteor shower, the Quadrantids 24:26 There's plenty to see in the night sky during January, as long as 28:36 The Orion Nebula looks magnificent through a telescope and even better on photos 31:59 Just beyond Orion we've got Taurus constellation Taurus 33:05 On 15 January, planet Mars reaches its closest point in its orbitwww.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [https://www.pnas.org/](https://www.pnas.org/) NASA Ames Research Center [https://www.nasa.gov/ames](https://www.nasa.gov/ames) Australian Space Agency [https://www.industry.gov.au/space](https://www.industry.gov.au/space) Sky & Telescope Magazine [https://skyandtelescope.org/](https://skyandtelescope.org/) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 28 Episode 01 Webb Telescope Confirms Hubble Tension The James Webb Space Telescope has confirmed the Hubble Tension, challenging the current understanding of cosmic theory. New observations reveal that the Universe is expanding faster now than during its early years, suggesting gaps in our understanding of cosmic physics. The study, led by Adam Rees and Thomas Barber, confirms the accuracy of Hubble's measurements, pointing to unknown factors in the Universe's expansion. Liquid Erosion on Asteroid Vesta A new hypothesis proposes that liquids could have carved out gullies on the airless asteroid Vesta. Laboratory experiments suggest that briny liquids, rather than dry debris flows, may have formed these features. This study, reported in the Planetary Science Journal, provides insights into the geological processes on Vesta. New Year's Day Fireworks on Mars While Earth celebrates New Year's Day, Mars experiences its own fireworks with explosive spring thaws. The Martian northern hemisphere is undergoing dynamic surface changes, including frost avalanches and gas geysers. These phenomena offer a unique glimpse into the seasonal cycles on the Red Planet. 00:00 This is space Time Series 28, Episode 1, for broadcast on January 1 2025 00:52 Measurement discrepancy between Hubble and Webb on Universe's expansion remains unexplained 13:51 The Martian northern hemisphere is going through an active, even explosive spring thaw 21:17 New study shows teen smoking increases risk of heart disease later in life 23:54 Software update will turn AirPods Pro 2 into therapeutic grade hearing aid 28:32 TechRadar released its annual Top of the Pops list this year 29:51 TechRadar said the Apple Vision Pro was the biggest flop of 2024 31:21 Space Time with Stuart Gary is available on many podcasting platforms www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Astrophysical Journal [https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/) Planetary Science Journal [https://psj.aas.org/](https://psj.aas.org/) NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter [https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/](https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/) American College of Cardiology [https://www.jacc.org/](https://www.jacc.org/) Australian Zoologist [https://www.rzsnsw.org.au/](https://www.rzsnsw.org.au/) Journal Interface Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 157 NASA's Parker Solar Probe Touches the Sun NASA's Parker Solar Probe has made history by becoming the first spacecraft to touch the Sun. The probe, weighing 685 kilogrammes, flew within 6.1 million kilometres of the solar surface, achieving unprecedented speeds of over 692 kilometres per hour. This milestone marks a significant step in understanding solar phenomena and space weather, with implications for forecasting geomagnetic storms. Moon's Volcanic Past Unveiled New samples from China's Chang'e 6 mission to the Moon's far side reveal volcanic activity as recent as 2.8 billion years ago. This finding challenges previous assumptions about the Moon's geological history, suggesting a prolonged period of volcanism on its far side, distinct from earlier samples obtained from the near side. Mapping the Milky Way Astronomers have crafted a new stellar chart offering a more comprehensive map of our Milky Way galaxy. The study reveals the galaxy's formation in two distinct phases, with implications for understanding its structure and evolution. This research provides new insights into areas previously hidden from view. 00:00 This is space Time Series 27 episode 157 for broadcast on 30 December 2024 00:47 NASA's Parker Solar Probe flew closer to the sun than any other spacecraft 02:05 NASA launched Parker solar probe to touch the Sun in August 2018 10:04 New data from China's Chang'e 6 mission suggests lunar volcanism still active 13:09 Astronomers develop new stellar chart providing a more complete map of our Milky Way galaxy 16:45 New study claims drinking tea or coffee reduces risk of head and neck cancers 18:46 Scientists at Monash University have made a breakthrough in energy storage technology 20:57 Consumer magazine Choice has announced its shonky award winners for 2024 www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Parker Solar Probe https://www.nasa.gov/content/parker-solar-probe Chang'e 6 Mission https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2128-4 Leibniz Institute for Astrophysics https://www.aip.de/en Sloan Digital Sky Survey https://www.sdss.org/ Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 156 Superflares: A Century-Long Threat? A new study warns of the potential for our Sun to unleash superflares, with the threat estimated at once per century. These massive eruptions could engulf the Earth, challenging our understanding of solar behaviour. Evidence from other sun-like stars suggests that such violent solar events may be more common than previously thought, urging caution as we continue to study these phenomena. Binary Star Discovery Near Galactic Core Astronomers have identified the first binary star system near Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the centre of our galaxy. This discovery, made using the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope, offers new insights into how stars can survive in extreme gravitational environments. The findings could pave the way for detecting planets orbiting close to this massive black hole. NASA's Lucy Mission: Onward to Jupiter NASA's Lucy spacecraft has completed its second close flyby of Earth, gaining a gravity assist to propel it towards Jupiter's Trojan asteroids. This manoeuvre is part of Lucy's 12-year mission to study these ancient celestial bodies, believed to be remnants from the early solar system. The spacecraft's journey promises to unlock new secrets about the formation of our planetary neighbourhood. 00:00 This is Spacetime Series 27, episode 156 for broadcast on 27th December 2024 00:48 New observations suggest our sun may be far more violent than previously thought 05:17 Astronomers detect binary star system near supermassive black hole 08:49 NASA's Lucy spacecraft makes second close flyby of the Earth 10:37 NASA's Lucy mission is heading to the Jupiter Trojans 12:26 Sea ice levels in the ocean surrounding Antarctica reach new record lows in 2023 13:52 A new study claims drinking moderate amounts of wine can ward off heart disease 15:05 There are headlines saying believing in Loch Ness monster makes you less stressed www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References NASA Lucy spacecraft https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/lucy/overview/index.html Max Planck Institute https://www.mpg.de/en European Southern Observatory https://www.eso.org/public/ Kepler space telescope https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html Nature Communications https://www.nature.com/ncomms/ British Medical Journal https://www.bmj.com/ European Heart Journal https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj Australian Sceptics https://www.skeptics.com.au/ Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 155 *Discovery of a New Class of Cosmic X-Ray Astronomers have identified a new class of cosmic X-ray source, potentially originating from a novel type of nova event. The study, published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, reveals 29 unusual objects in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds. These objects displayed unexpected behaviours, such as long-duration X-ray outbursts and recurring outbreaks. The findings suggest these sources, dubbed 'Milli Novae', could play a crucial role in understanding astrophysical phenomena, especially as they may contribute to the mass of white dwarfs, potentially leading to Type 1A supernovae. *Uncovering the Secrets of the Centaurs Using the James Webb Space Telescope, astronomers have begun studying centaurs, a unique family of comet-like asteroids orbiting between Jupiter and Neptune. The study of 2060 Chiron reveals surface chemistry unlike any other known centaur, with carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide ices, and methane gases in its coma. These findings provide new insights into the origins of our solar system, as centaurs have remained largely unchanged since its formation 4.6 billion years ago. *NASA's Plans for Commercial Space Stations With the International Space Station set for retirement in 2030, NASA is supporting the development of multiple commercial space stations. Projects include the NASA-funded STAR Labs space station, slated for launch in 2028, and Axiom's modular space station, which will initially dock with the ISS. Other proposals, like Orbital Reef and Haven One, are also in development, promising to advance commercial space activities and research. 00:00 Astronomers have identified a new class of cosmic X ray source 04:44 2060 Chiron provides new clues about the origins of our solar system 12:56 A number of proposals for commercial low Earth orbit space stations are growing 17:46 Higher levels of air pollution associated with higher risk of hospitalisation, study finds 19:31 Almost all artificial intelligence chatbots are showing symptoms of mild cognitive impairment 20:47 Apple's AI summarisation feature sometimes gives incorrect summaries 22:47 ChatGPT has made its search engines free 24:17 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Astrophysical Journal Letters [https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/ 8205](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/2041-8205) 2--- OGLE (Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment) [http://ogle.astrouw.edu.pl/](http://ogle.astrouw.edu.pl/) Southern African Large Telescope [http://www.salt.ac.za/](http://www.salt.ac.za/) NASA's Swift Space Observatory [https://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/](https://swift.gsfc.nasa.gov/) University of Central Florida [https://www.ucf.edu/](https://www.ucf.edu/) James Webb Space Telescope [https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/) STAR Labs Space Station [https://www.starlabs.space/](https://www.starlabs.space/) Axiom Space [https://www.axiomspace.com/](https://www.axiomspace.com/) Blue Origin [https://www.blueorigin.com/](https://www.blueorigin.com/) Sierra Space [https://www.sierraspace.com/](https://www.sierraspace.com/) Bigelow Aerospace [http://bigelowaerospace.com/](http://bigelowaerospace.com/) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 154 *The Moon's Age: A New Perspective New research suggests the Moon may be much older than previously believed. Evidence indicates the Moon's crust underwent extensive remelting around 4.35 billion years ago, obscuring its true age. This study proposes the Moon could be as old as 4.53 billion years, challenging past estimates and offering a new understanding of its formation. *Perseverance Rover's New Horizons NASA's Perseverance rover has reached the top of Jezero Crater's rim, marking a significant milestone in its mission. With the climb complete, the rover is set to explore new geological terrains, potentially uncovering some of the oldest rocks in the solar system. This new phase promises to deepen our understanding of Mars' ancient history. *Unveiling South Australia's Pink Sands Mystery The discovery of deep pink sands on South Australian beaches has provided insights into the tectonic history of the region. These findings, published in Communications Earth and Environment, suggest the existence of an ancient Antarctic mountain range, offering clues about the geological past of the supercontinent Gondwana. 00:00 This is space Time Series 27, Episode 154 for broadcast on 23 December 2024 00:47 New research suggests Earth's moon may be an awful lot older than previously thought 07:05 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has completed its long climb to summit 10:51 Deep pink sands washing up on South Australian beaches reveal previously unknown mountain range 19:05 Garnets are a metamorphic mineral which grows when deep in crust 20:51 Ambulance and taxi drivers have lowest death rate from Alzheimer's 22:57 New study finds men are quicker to buy drinks when women are scarce www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References NASA Perseverance Rover https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/ University of California, Santa Cruz https://www.ucsc.edu/ University of Adelaide https://www.adelaide.edu.au/ Communications Earth and Environment Journal https://www.nature.com/commsenv/ ANSTO's Opal Nuclear Research Reactor https://www.ansto.gov.au/research/facilities/opal-multipurpose-reactor British Medical Journal https://www.bmj.com/ Biological Letters Journal https://royalsocietypublishing.org/journal/rsbl Australian Sceptics https://www.skeptics.com.au/ Space Time with Stuart Gary https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/ Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 153 *The Mysterious Origins of Martian Minerals A new study suggests that some Martian minerals may have formed in liquid carbon dioxide rather than water. While traditional views link Mars' dry river channels to past water presence, this research indicates that under ancient Martian conditions, liquid CO2 could have been a significant factor in shaping the planet's geological features. This finding, published in Nature Geoscience, adds a new layer to the ongoing debate about Mars' liquid past and its implications for the planet's habitability. *Australia's Arnhem Space Centre Shuttered Equatorial Launch Australia has announced the closure of the Arnhem Space Centre due to unresolved lease issues with the Northern Land Council. Originally envisioned as a hub for commercial space launches, the project faced multiple delays over land agreements. Plans are now underway to relocate operations to Queensland, aiming to establish the Australian Space Centre, Geberic which promises significant economic benefits and indigenous employment opportunities. *Discovery of the Heaviest Antimatter Particle Physicists at CERN's Large Hadron Collider have identified what could be the heaviest antimatter particle ever detected. Using the ALICE experiment, researchers observed anti-hyperhelium 4, an exotic hypernucleus. This discovery provides new insights into the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the universe, as scientists continue to explore the mysteries of the Big Bang and the universe's evolution. 00:00 Some Martian minerals may have been formed in liquid carbon dioxide rather than water 06:01 Scientists find evidence for what appears to be the most massive antimatter particle ever detected 13:15 Move of time projection chamber into ALICE detector starts very slowly 15:22 The TPC is our main tracking detector for heavy ion collisions 20:21 Living in an agricultural community with high pesticide use may increase cancer risk 22:50 Former CNN reporter Tucker Carlson claims he was attacked by a demon while sleeping www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Journal of Nature Geoscience [Nature Geoscience](https://www.nature.com/ngeo/) NASA's Mars Perseverance rover mission [NASA Perseverance](https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/) Equatorial Launch Australia [Equatorial Launch Australia](https://ela.space/) Large Hadron Collider [CERN LHC](https://home.cern/science/accelerators/large-hadron-collider) ALICE experiment [ALICE Experiment](https://alice.cern/) Northern Land Council [Northern Land Council](https://www.nlc.org.au/) Journal Frontiers of Cancer Control and Society [Frontiers in Cancer](https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/cancer) Journal Science [Science Journal](https://www.sciencemag.org/) Australian Skeptics [Australian Skeptics](https://www.skeptics.com.au/) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 152 *Martian Dust Storms: A New Understanding A groundbreaking study reveals the triggers behind Mars' infamous planet-wide dust storms. Researchers from the University of Colorado Boulder suggest that relatively warm and sunny days could initiate these massive storms. Presented at the American Geophysical Union's 2024 meeting, the findings could pave the way for forecasting Martian weather, similar to Earth meteorology. Understanding these storms is crucial, as they pose significant challenges to Mars missions by affecting rovers and landers. *Discovery of New Dark Comets Astronomers have doubled the known population of dark comets, discovering seven more of these enigmatic celestial bodies. These objects, which resemble asteroids but behave like comets, are categorized into two groups based on their orbits and reflectivity. The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, explores their potential role in delivering vital materials to Earth, such as water. *Space Weather's Impact on National Security As technology advances, space weather events pose an increasing threat to national security assets. Geomagnetic storms, part of the Sun's 11-year cycle, can disrupt satellites, power grids, and communications. Johns Hopkins researchers are developing models and tools to predict and mitigate these impacts, emphasizing the importance of understanding space weather to protect critical infrastructure. 00:00 This is Space Time Series 27, Episode 152 for broadcast on 18 December 2024 00:47 New study could help predict extreme weather events on Mars 04:34 Astronomers have detected seven more dark comets, doubling the number 08:26 Scientists are working on new research projects to protect national security assets from space weather 12:35 Are we prepared for a catastrophic solar storm? The dangers of a solar eruption come in three phases 16:24 The gap between our health span and lifespan is getting wider globally 19:51 Apple have just released their new 18.2 AI suite just in time for Christmas 21:40 Google has launched its own AI assistant called Gemini 2.0 www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merchandise. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References American Geophysical Union https://www.agu.org/ University of Colorado Boulder https://www.colorado.edu/ NASA Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter https://mars.nasa.gov/mro/ The Martian (2015 Film) https://www.imdb.com/title/tt3659388/ Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences https://www.pnas.org/ Michigan State University https://msu.edu/ Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory https://www.jhuapl.edu/ Nature Journal https://www.nature.com/ University of New South Wales https://www.unsw.edu.au/ Angavande Shemi Journal https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/15213773 Apple AI https://www.apple.com/ Google Gemini 2.0 AI https://blog.google/products/ai/ Space Time with Stuart Gary Gary https://spacetimewithstuartgary.com/ Tech Advice Life https://techadvice.life/ Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 151 *A New Perspective on the Moon's Aitken Basin Recent observations of the Moon's south pole reveal that the Aitken Basin crater is more circular than previously believed. This significant discovery challenges existing theories about its formation and has implications for future lunar missions, including NASA's Artemis program. The study, published in Earth and Planetary Science Letters, suggests a more direct impact created the crater, offering potential access to deep lunar material for study. *Gravitational Wave Maps Unveil Hidden Cosmic Structures Astronomers have developed the most detailed gravitational wave maps yet, revealing hidden black holes and cosmic structures. Using pulsar timing arrays, researchers have detected a background of gravitational waves across the universe. This groundbreaking research, reported in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, opens new avenues for understanding galactic evolution and the universe's history. *NASA's First Aircraft Accident Investigation on another planet NASA has conducted its first aircraft accident investigation on another planet following the crash of the Mars Ingenuity helicopter. The investigation revealed that the helicopter's navigation system struggled with the featureless Martian terrain, leading to a hard landing. Despite the crash, Ingenuity continues to provide valuable data for future Mars missions. 00:00 This is space Time Series 27, Episode 151 for broadcast on 16 December 2024 00:47 New observations of the Moon's south pole have shown the Aitken Basin crater is circular 05:04 Space astronomers have created the most detailed maps ever of gravitational waves across universe 14:10 The Meerkat radio telescope is probably the best radio telescope at the moment 18:52 NASA conducting first ever aircraft accident investigation on another planet 24:11 Single mutation on H5N1 bird flu could make human infections more likely 26:14 A recent study found journalists brains are suffering from poor executive functioning www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References NASA https://www.nasa.gov/ University of Maryland https://www.umd.edu/ Earth and Planetary Science Letters https://www.journals.elsevier.com/earth-and-planetary-science-letters Artemis Missions https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/ Chandrayaan 3 https://www.isro.gov.in/chandrayaan3.html Swinburne University https://www.swinburne.edu.au/ Osgrav https://www.ozgrav.org/ Meerkat Radio Telescope https://www.sarao.ac.za/science-engineering/meerkat/ LIGO https://www.ligo.caltech.edu/ Virgo https://www.virgo-gw.eu/ Jet Propulsion Laboratory https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/ Perseverance Rover https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/ Mars Sample Return https://mars.nasa.gov/msr/ Dragonfly Mission https://dragonfly.jhuapl.edu/ Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society https://academic.oup.com/mnras Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 150 *Venus: A Lifeless World New research has debunked the long-standing theory that Venusmight have once been habitable. Despite being Earth's sister planet, a study of its atmospheric chemistry reveals that Venus has always been too dry to support oceans, making it an inhospitable world throughout its history. These findings, published in Nature Astronomy, have significant implications for the search for life on exoplanets, suggesting a focus on more Earth-like candidates. *Mars Perseverance Rover Reaches Jezero Crater Rim NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has successfully reached the rim of Jezero Crater, where it is examining the Picotquino region. This area could provide insights into ancient geological processes on Mars, potentially revealing clues about the planet's past climate and the impact that formed the crater. *Quantum Sensors in Space NASA's Cold Atom Lab aboard the International Space Station has achieved a groundbreaking milestone by using ultra-cold atoms to detect environmental changes in Space. This marks a new era in quantum science, with potential applications in studying planetary compositions and testing fundamental theories of gravity. 00:00 New study suggests Venus was never habitable; quantum sensor used in space 00:26 New study has shown that the planet Venus was never habitable 06:32 NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover has finally reached the rim of Jezero 08:56 NASA's Cold Atom Lab has taken another step towards quantum science in space 16:33 Permafrost thawing due to climate change could lead to wildfires 19:30 New images have emerged of what's reported to be the famed Loch Ness Monster 23:41 Space Time podcast features Stuart Gary talking about Bigfoot in America www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Nature Astronomy [Nature Astronomy Journal](https://www.nature.com/natastron/) NASA's Mars Perseverance Rover [NASA Perseverance Rover](https://mars.nasa.gov/mars2020/) Cambridge University [University of Cambridge](https://www.cam.ac.uk/) NASA's Da Vinci Mission [NASA Da Vinci Mission](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/nasa-s-davinci-mission-to-take-the-plunge-through-massive-venus-atmosphere) James Webb Space Telescope [James Webb Space Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/) NASA Cold Atom Lab [NASA Cold Atom Lab](https://coldatomlab.jpl.nasa.gov/) Grace FO Mission [GRACE-FO Mission](https://gracefo.jpl.nasa.gov/) Nature Communications [Nature Communications Journal](https://www.nature.com/ncomms/) Forensic Science International Genetics [Forensic Science International: Genetics](https://www.journals.elsevier.com/forensic-science-international-genetics) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 149 *Did Earth's Oceans Come from Comets? New research suggests that Earth's oceans may have originated from comets, reigniting the debate about the origins of Earth's water. Recent observations of Comet 67P reveal a similar molecular signature to Earth's oceans, challenging previous findings and suggesting Jupiter family comets could have contributed to Earth's water supply. This discovery, led by Kathleen Mandit from NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre, highlights the importance of understanding the origins of water, a crucial element for life on Earth. *Discovery of a Rare Main Belt Comet A mysterious object in the main asteroid belt has been confirmed as a rare main belt comet. Identified as 456P PanSTARRS, this comet displays regular cometary features despite residing in the main asteroid belt. This discovery, led by Henry Heissch from the Planetary Science Institute, adds to the small but growing list of known main belt comets, offering new insights into the icy bodies of the solar system and their potential to trace ices across the cosmos. *BepiColombo's Fifth Mercury Flyby The BepiColombo spacecraft has successfully completed its fifth flyby of Mercury, bringing it closer to entering orbit around the solar system's innermost planet. This mission, a collaboration between ESA and JAXA, aims to uncover the mysteries of Mercury's surface and magnetic field. During the flyby, BepiColombo's instruments collected valuable data, including the first mid-infrared measurements of Mercury's surface, crucial for understanding the planet's composition. 00:00 New observations suggest that Earth oceans may have come from comets after all 09:22 Main belt comets are icy objects found in the main asteroid belt 12:43 The BepiColombo spacecraft has completed its fifth flyby of Mercury 15:10 Eating a healthy diet during pregnancy is linked to lower risk of autism 17:27 Samsung are testing new artificial intelligence upgrades for their Galaxy smartphones 19:36 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look.... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 148 *Another Delay for NASA's Artemis Moon Mission NASA has announced a delay in the launch of its Artemis 2 manned Moon mission, now rescheduled for April 2026. Originally planned for September 2025, the delay is due to concerns about the Orion spacecraft's heat shield. This postponement also affects the timeline for Artemis 3, which aims to return humans to the lunar surface. NASA's focus is on ensuring the safety and reliability of the spacecraft's reentry systems, with adjustments planned for the Artemis 2 mission trajectory. *Ancient Hot Water Activity on Mars Uncovered A groundbreaking study has provided the oldest direct evidence of ancient hot water activity on Mars, suggesting a potentially habitable past. Researchers analysed zircon grains from the Martian meteorite NWA 7034, known as Black Buddy, revealing elemental evidence of water-rich fluids from 4.45 billion years ago. This discovery enhances our understanding of Mars' hydrothermal systems and their role in the planet's early habitability. *Proba-3: Europe's Eclipse-Making Double Satellite The European Space Agency's Proba-3 mission has successfully entered orbit, marking a new era in solar observation. Launched aboard an Indian PSLV rocket, the twin satellites will perform precise formation flying to create artificial solar eclipses, allowing for detailed study of the Sun's corona. This innovative mission aims to fill observational gaps and advance our understanding of solar dynamics and Space weather. 00:00 Another delay for the first manned moon mission in half a century 00:48 NASA postpone launch of Artemis 2 Man Moon mission until April 2026 04:08 New study finds oldest direct evidence of ancient hot water activity on Mars 06:43 Black Beauty contains some of the oldest materials known from Mars 14:16 You found evidence of what would call hydrothermal activity on Mars 15:41 We wanted to focus on trace elements in zircon 22:52 Was it internal heat release from Mars or was it impact driven 28:42 European Space Agency's probe of three spacecraft has successfully achieved orbit insertion 32:29 House panel says lab leak likely caused COVID 19 pandemic 34:46 Scientists have documented the collapse of the Conga Glensa Ice Shelf 37:04 Between 68 and 94% of people believe sensation is caused by being watched www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 147 *A Cosmic Glimpse into the Universe's Past Astronomers have witnessed a rare supernova, 2023 UFX, offering insights into the early universe. This unusual stellar explosion involved a metal-poor red supergiant star, providing clues about the cosmic conditions when the universe began. The study, led by Michael Tucker from Ohio State University, reveals how early supernovae seeded the next generation of stars, shaping galaxies like the Milky Way. The findings underscore the significance of dwarf galaxies as analogues for the universe's infancy, highlighting how metal-poor environments influenced star evolution and supernova behaviour. *Volcanic Mysteries on Jupiter's Moon Io A new study reveals that Io, Jupiter's volcanic moon, has active volcanoes at its poles, potentially regulating internal tidal heating. This discovery, based on NASA's Juno spacecraft data, sheds light on Io's intense volcanic activity and its role in planetary formation processes. Tidal heating, caused by gravitational interactions, plays a crucial role in sustaining subsurface oceans on other moons, offering a glimpse into the dynamic geological processes shaping celestial bodies. *America's Next Mega Rocket: New Glenn Blue Origin's New Glenn rocket has been positioned vertically on its launch pad, preparing for its maiden flight. This 98-metre-tall launch vehicle is set to join the ranks of NASA's SLS Orion and SpaceX's Starship in advancing Space exploration capabilities. The upcoming hot fire test will evaluate the rocket and launch pad systems, paving the way for future missions. New Glenn aims to lift significant payloads into various orbits, with plans for reusability akin to SpaceX's Falcon 9.00:00 This is space Time Series 27 episode 147 for broadcast on 6th December 2024 00:44 2023 UFX is the most metal poor stellar explosion ever observed 04:17 Active volcanoes at IO's poles may help regulate internal tidal heating 07:08 Blue Origin's New Glenn ready for hot fire test ahead of maiden flight 09:22 December's astronomical highlight is the December solstice which occurs on Saturday 14:29 Astronomers describe stars in terms of spectral types based on temperature and characteristics 18:11 Two blue stars nearing end of their lives expected to go supernova 23:41 The brightest star in Orion is a red supergiant called Betelgeuse 33:40 Once the sun has gone down and the sky is dark, you will see Orion 36:34 The Pleiades cluster is also known as the Seven Sisters 38:45 If you look down to the south, we'll see that Southern Cross 40:09 Venus shining big and bright above the western horizon after sunset 41:18 Space Time is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday through Apple Podcasts www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about ✍️ Episode References Ohio State University [Ohio State University](https://www.osu.edu/) NASA's Webb Space Telescope [NASA Webb Telescope](https://www.jwst.nasa.gov/) Astrophysical Journal [Astrophysical Journal](https://iopscience.iop.org/journal/ 637X) 4--- Blue Origin [Blue Origin](https://www.blueorigin.com/) Space Launch Complex 36 [Cape Canaveral Space Force Station](https://www.spaceforce.mil/) United Launch Alliance [ULA](https://www.ulalaunch.com/) Geophysical Research Letters [Geophysical Research Letters](https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/19448007) Cornell University [Cornell University](https://www.cornell.edu/) NASA's Juno spacecraft [NASA Juno...

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 146 *Supernova's Potential to End the Dark Matter Search Astronomers are eagerly awaiting a nearby supernova that could finally solve the mystery of dark matter. A new study suggests that axions, hypothetical particles, could be discovered within seconds of a supernova's gamma-ray burst. The Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope might detect these gamma rays, offering insights into the mass of QCD axions. However, the rarity of such supernovae and the telescope's limited field of view pose challenges. Researchers are considering launching a fleet of gamma-ray telescopes, named GALAX, to ensure comprehensive coverage. *Magnetic Tornadoes at Jupiter's Poles A recent study reveals that Jupiter's poles are home to magnetic tornadoes that generate Earth-sized concentrations of hydrocarbon haze. These phenomena, visible only in ultraviolet light, are linked to the planet's strong magnetic fields. The findings, based on Hubble Space Telescope images, shed light on the unique atmospheric dynamics of Jupiter, contrasting with Earth's auroral processes. *Arrival of the World's Biggest Digital Camera at NASA NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre has received the Wide Field Instrument, the largest digital camera ever built, for the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. This advanced camera will offer an unprecedented panoramic view of the universe, aiding in the study of dark energy, dark matter, and exoplanets. Scheduled for launch in 2027, Roman's capabilities will surpass those of current Space telescopes. The Science Robert A new study links prolonged sedentary behaviour with increased heart disease risk, even among active individuals. Research highlights the crucial ecological role of large sharks, threatened by overfishing and habitat loss. Palaeontologists use dinosaur faeces to trace the evolutionary rise of dinosaurs. Advances in lithium battery technology promise safer and longer-lasting power sources, potentially revolutionising energy storage. www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about 00:00 How a nearby supernova could end the search for dark matter 09:33 Magnetic vortexes at Jupiter's poles may be generating Earth sized hydrocarbon haze 13:22 The Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope is designed to study dark energy 17:29 More sedentary time may increase risk of heart disease and death, study finds 20:48 Next generation of safer lithium batteries may well be on their way 25:44 Space Time with Stuart Gary is available every Monday, Wednesday and Friday ✍️ Episode References Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope [NASA Fermi](https://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/) Physical Review Letters [Physical Review Letters](https://journals.aps.org/prl/) University of California, Berkeley [UC Berkeley](https://www.berkeley.edu/) NASA's Goddard Space Flight Centre [NASA Goddard](https://www.nasa.gov/goddard) Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope [NASA Roman](https://roman.gsfc.nasa.gov/) Hubble Space Telescope [NASA Hubble](https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/main/index.html) Cassini spacecraft [NASA Cassini](https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/missions/cassini/overview/) National Reconnaissance Office [NRO](https://www.nro.gov/) Tech Advice [Tech Advice](https://www.techadvice.life/) Journal of Science [Science Journal](https://www.sciencemag.org/) Become a supporter of this podcast: https://www.spreaker.com/podcast/spacetime-with-stuart-gary--2458531/support.

SpaceTime Series 27 Episode 145 *Unveiling the Mysteries of Uranus and Neptune A new study reveals that Uranus and Neptune, the ice giants of our solar system, may have layered interiors composed of water, methane, and ammonia, similar to oil and water that do not mix. This discovery could explain their unique magnetic fields, previously a mystery to scientists. The research, led by Burkhard Miltzer from the University of California, Berkeley, suggests that these planets have a water-rich layer beneath their cloud tops, followed by a denser carbon-rich layer, challenging previous theories about their internal structure. *Parker Solar Probe's Final Venus Flyby NASA's Parker Solar Probe has completed its last Venus gravity assist, setting its course to come within 6.2 million kilometers of the Sun's surface. This maneuver, aside from aiding the primary mission, has provided new insights into Venus, as the probe's instruments captured unexpected data revealing the planet's surface glowing in the near-infrared spectrum. These findings offer fresh perspectives on Venusian surface conditions and composition. *NASA's SphereX Mission: A Kaleidoscope of the Cosmos Scheduled for launch next year, NASA's SphereX mission will create the most colorful map of the cosmos ever attempted. By observing the universe in 102 infrared colors, SphereX aims to uncover the mysteries of the universe's formation and evolution, including the origins of water on planets like Earth. This mission will provide a comprehensive 3D map of hundreds of millions of galaxies, offering unprecedented insights into cosmic history and the distribution of essential life ingredients across the Milky Way. The Science Report Russia has deployed a new nuclear-capable hypersonic missile, marking a significant escalation in its military capabilities. The Lancet's report on climate change impacts highlights that nearly half the world experienced extreme drought last year. Archaeologists have discovered what might be the oldest alphabetic writing in Syria, dating back to 2400 BCE. A new documentary explores the British royal family's interest in UFOs and the paranormal, revealing a long-standing fascination with these phenomena. www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com www.bitesz.com 🌏 Get Our Exclusive NordVPN deal here ➼ www.bitesz.com/nordvpn. Enjoy incredible discounts and bonuses! Plus, it’s risk-free with Nord’s 30-day money-back guarantee! ✌ Check out our newest sponsor - Old Glory - Iconic Music and Sports Merch and now with official NASA merch. Well worth a look.... Become a supporter of this Podcast for as little as $3 per month and access commercial-free episodes plus bonuses: https://www.spacetimewithstuartgary.com/about 00:00 New study suggests Uranus and Neptune feature layers that don't mix 07:04 NASA's Parker Solar Probe completes its final Venus gravity assist flyby 11:14 NASA's SphereX mission will look at the universe in 102 colors 20:50 Modern astronomy is built upon spectroscopy. Spectra unveil the structures of black holes 22:42 Russia has commenced using a new nuclear capable hypersonic missile to attack Ukraine 25:35 Almost half of the world experienced extreme drought last year, according to Lancet study University of California, Berkeley [berkeley.edu](https://www.berkeley.edu) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences [pnas.org](https://www.pnas.org) NASA's Parker Solar Probe [nasa.gov/solarprobe](https://www.nasa.gov/solarprobe) Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory [jhuapl.edu](https://www.jhuapl.edu) NASA's SphereX Mission [nasa.gov/spherex](https://www.nasa.gov/spherex) Magellan Spacecraft [nasa.gov/magellan](https://www.nasa.gov/magellan) NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory [jpl.nasa.gov](https://www.jpl.nasa.gov) The Lancet [thelancet.com](https://www.thelancet.com) Johns Hopkins University [jhu.edu](https://www.jhu.edu) Space Time with Stuart Gary...